chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-grub

系统安装、升级讨论
版面规则
我们都知道新人的确很菜,也喜欢抱怨,并且带有浓厚的Windows习惯,但既然在这里询问,我们就应该有责任帮助他们解决问题,而不是直接泼冷水、简单的否定或发表对解决问题没有任何帮助的帖子。乐于分享,以人为本,这正是Ubuntu的精神所在。
poloshiao
论坛版主
帖子: 18279
注册时间: 2009-08-04 16:33

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#46

帖子 poloshiao » 2017-04-14 13:44

3.在更新中注意到有mdadm转换到dmraid(debain 8 是用dmraid管理raid)
dmraid 管理 fake raid
mdadm 管理 software raid 但新版本 也可以 取代 dmraid 管理 fake raid 不過 可能還不完全

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FakeR ... re_raid.3F
Why not use a linux software raid?
只有兩種情況 使用 fakeraid (即 使用 dmraid)
其它情況 都推薦 使用 software raid (即使用 mdadm)
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#47

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-15 15:40

1.问老师好
2.昨晚回家按计划重装系统一切顺利,用kde桌面系统.设置好sudoers,备份sources.list,设置163更新源,执行sudo apt-get update,sudo apt-get dist-upgrade,经过一个多小时系统升级成功.
3.附上结果:
  helpmejssz@debian-zyl:/$ uname -a
  Linux debian-zyl 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.39-1+deb8u2 (2017-03-07) x86_64 GNU/Linux
  helpmejssz@debian-zyl:/$ cat /etc/issue
  Debian GNU/Linux 8 \n \l
4.存在问题,桌面分辨率被改变,从1920 x 1200 变为 1024 x 768,且无法设置.怎么修复?
5.内核并未被升级,怎样升级内核?
poloshiao
论坛版主
帖子: 18279
注册时间: 2009-08-04 16:33

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#48

帖子 poloshiao » 2017-04-15 21:53

桌面分辨率被改变,从1920 x 1200 变为 1024 x 768,且无法设置.怎么修复?
1. 筆電 還是 桌電 ?
1-1. 如果是桌電 顯卡跟螢幕間使用什麼規格連接線 ?
uname -a
Linux debian-zyl 3.16.0-4-amd64
内核并未被升级,怎样升级内核?
2. https://packages.debian.org/search?suit ... image-3.16
linux-image-3.16
2-1. 目前 3.16.0-4 已是 3.16 序列 最新內核版本
2-2. 什麼原因需要升級內核 ?
2-3. 想要升級到哪個版本 ?
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#49

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 14:56

1.问老师好!
2.
1. 筆電 還是 桌電 ?
学生自己组装的台式机(i7 3960 华硕玩家国度X79主板 16GB内存 and hd7970显卡)
linux-image-3.16
2-1. 目前 3.16.0-4 已是 3.16 序列 最新內核版本
2-2. 什麼原因需要升級內核 ?
2-3. 想要升級到哪個版本 ?
3.目前debain 8.71和9版本均采用linux 4.90内核,学生可能有点强迫症。
4.学生年纪虽大(1961生),但好奇心一点没变,曾接触过ASM C C++(一点皮毛)。目前手头上有《操作系统设计与实现》上下册和《Orangs 一个操作系统的实现》三本书,想边看边动手,于是想到装一个linux 系统。
5.想尽快熟悉新的系统,自己动手装(最好反复装卸几次,解决出现的问题)是一个非常好的途径,目前正处于这个阶段。
6.感谢老师热情的指导使我对linux系统不那么陌生了。
7.现在思考的问题是:对于我的PC系统mdadm选项是合适的,前天在已升级的7.8版本里执行 sudo apt-get install dmraid,系统提示已更新initramfs 再sudo update-grub,重启系统
进入initramfs,就和我现在安装debain 8和9一样无法启动系统。
8.有了7.的思考和实验,那能否在已经安装失败的debain 8 和9上执行 apt-get install mdadm apt-get remove dmraid update-grub呢?现在我对ubuntu live 系统超级喜爱,就像是一个WIN PE一样。chroot 、apt-get install mdadm 、apt-get remove dmarai,有可能要修改/etc/default/grub 和/etc/fstab,现在会用nano没问题了。今天就有可能会做这个实验。
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#50

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 15:35

1.installed debain 9
2.use ubuntu live sysytem process....
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls /dev
autofs dm-10 drm_dp_aux0 hwrng input loop-control ptmx ram5 sde4 tty tty20 tty33 tty46 tty59 ttyS12 ttyS25 uhid vcsa1
block dm-11 drm_dp_aux1 i2c-0 kfd mapper ptp0 ram6 sdf tty0 tty21 tty34 tty47 tty6 ttyS13 ttyS26 uinput vcsa2
bsg dm-12 drm_dp_aux2 i2c-1 kmsg mcelog pts ram7 sg0 tty1 tty22 tty35 tty48 tty60 ttyS14 ttyS27 urandom vcsa3
btrfs-control dm-13 drm_dp_aux3 i2c-10 kvm mei0 ram0 ram8 sg1 tty10 tty23 tty36 tty49 tty61 ttyS15 ttyS28 userio vcsa4
bus dm-14 ecryptfs i2c-11 lightnvm mem ram1 ram9 sg2 tty11 tty24 tty37 tty5 tty62 ttyS16 ttyS29 vcs vcsa5
char dm-2 fb0 i2c-2 log memory_bandwidth ram10 random sg3 tty12 tty25 tty38 tty50 tty63 ttyS17 ttyS3 vcs1 vcsa6
console dm-3 fd i2c-3 loop0 mqueue ram11 rfkill sg4 tty13 tty26 tty39 tty51 tty7 ttyS18 ttyS30 vcs2 vcsa7
core dm-4 full i2c-4 loop1 net ram12 rtc sg5 tty14 tty27 tty4 tty52 tty8 ttyS19 ttyS31 vcs3 vcsa8
cpu dm-5 fuse i2c-5 loop2 network_latency ram13 rtc0 shm tty15 tty28 tty40 tty53 tty9 ttyS2 ttyS4 vcs4 vfio
cpu_dma_latency dm-6 hidraw0 i2c-6 loop3 network_throughput ram14 sda snapshot tty16 tty29 tty41 tty54 ttyprintk ttyS20 ttyS5 vcs5 vga_arbiter
cuse dm-7 hidraw1 i2c-7 loop4 null ram15 sdb snd tty17 tty3 tty42 tty55 ttyS0 ttyS21 ttyS6 vcs6 vhci
disk dm-8 hidraw2 i2c-8 loop5 port ram2 sdc stderr tty18 tty30 tty43 tty56 ttyS1 ttyS22 ttyS7 vcs7 vhost-net
dm-0 dm-9 hpet i2c-9 loop6 ppp ram3 sdd stdin tty19 tty31 tty44 tty57 ttyS10 ttyS23 ttyS8 vcs8 zero
dm-1 dri hugepages initctl loop7 psaux ram4 sde stdout tty2 tty32 tty45 tty58 ttyS11 ttyS24 ttyS9 vcsa
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-5 /mnt
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls /mnt
bin boot dev etc home initrd.img initrd.img.old lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var vmlinuz vmlinuz.old
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-6 /mnt/boot
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-2 /mnt/boot/efi
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls /mnt/boot/efi
debian EFI grub Microsoft System Volume Information
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-7 /mnt/home
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-8 /mnt/tmp
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-9 /mnt/usr
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-10 /mnt/var
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-11 /mnt/srv
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-12 /mnt/opt
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-13 /mnt/usr/local
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /dev/proc /mnt/proc
mount: special device /dev/proc does not exist
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /run /mnt/run
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo chroot /mnt
root@ubuntu:/#
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#51

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 15:45

1.installed debain 9
2.use ubuntu live sysytem process....
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls /dev
autofs dm-10 drm_dp_aux0 hwrng input loop-control ptmx ram5 sde4 tty tty20 tty33 tty46 tty59 ttyS12 ttyS25 uhid vcsa1
block dm-11 drm_dp_aux1 i2c-0 kfd mapper ptp0 ram6 sdf tty0 tty21 tty34 tty47 tty6 ttyS13 ttyS26 uinput vcsa2
bsg dm-12 drm_dp_aux2 i2c-1 kmsg mcelog pts ram7 sg0 tty1 tty22 tty35 tty48 tty60 ttyS14 ttyS27 urandom vcsa3
btrfs-control dm-13 drm_dp_aux3 i2c-10 kvm mei0 ram0 ram8 sg1 tty10 tty23 tty36 tty49 tty61 ttyS15 ttyS28 userio vcsa4
bus dm-14 ecryptfs i2c-11 lightnvm mem ram1 ram9 sg2 tty11 tty24 tty37 tty5 tty62 ttyS16 ttyS29 vcs vcsa5
char dm-2 fb0 i2c-2 log memory_bandwidth ram10 random sg3 tty12 tty25 tty38 tty50 tty63 ttyS17 ttyS3 vcs1 vcsa6
console dm-3 fd i2c-3 loop0 mqueue ram11 rfkill sg4 tty13 tty26 tty39 tty51 tty7 ttyS18 ttyS30 vcs2 vcsa7
core dm-4 full i2c-4 loop1 net ram12 rtc sg5 tty14 tty27 tty4 tty52 tty8 ttyS19 ttyS31 vcs3 vcsa8
cpu dm-5 fuse i2c-5 loop2 network_latency ram13 rtc0 shm tty15 tty28 tty40 tty53 tty9 ttyS2 ttyS4 vcs4 vfio
cpu_dma_latency dm-6 hidraw0 i2c-6 loop3 network_throughput ram14 sda snapshot tty16 tty29 tty41 tty54 ttyprintk ttyS20 ttyS5 vcs5 vga_arbiter
cuse dm-7 hidraw1 i2c-7 loop4 null ram15 sdb snd tty17 tty3 tty42 tty55 ttyS0 ttyS21 ttyS6 vcs6 vhci
disk dm-8 hidraw2 i2c-8 loop5 port ram2 sdc stderr tty18 tty30 tty43 tty56 ttyS1 ttyS22 ttyS7 vcs7 vhost-net
dm-0 dm-9 hpet i2c-9 loop6 ppp ram3 sdd stdin tty19 tty31 tty44 tty57 ttyS10 ttyS23 ttyS8 vcs8 zero
dm-1 dri hugepages initctl loop7 psaux ram4 sde stdout tty2 tty32 tty45 tty58 ttyS11 ttyS24 ttyS9 vcsa
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-5 /mnt
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls /mnt
bin boot dev etc home initrd.img initrd.img.old lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var vmlinuz vmlinuz.old
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-6 /mnt/boot
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-2 /mnt/boot/efi
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls /mnt/boot/efi
debian EFI grub Microsoft System Volume Information
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-7 /mnt/home
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-8 /mnt/tmp
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-9 /mnt/usr
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-10 /mnt/var
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-11 /mnt/srv
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-12 /mnt/opt
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/dm-13 /mnt/usr/local
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /dev/proc /mnt/proc
mount: special device /dev/proc does not exist
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /run /mnt/run
helpmejssz@ubuntu:~$ sudo chroot /mnt
root@ubuntu:/#
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#52

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 15:51

root@ubuntu:/# apt-get install mdadm
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
exim4-base exim4-config exim4-daemon-light guile-2.0-libs libgsasl7 libkyotocabinet16v5 libmailutils5 libntlm0 mailutils mailutils-common psmisc
Suggested packages:
eximon4 exim4-doc-html | exim4-doc-info spf-tools-perl swaks mailutils-mh mailutils-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
exim4-base exim4-config exim4-daemon-light guile-2.0-libs libgsasl7 libkyotocabinet16v5 libmailutils5 libntlm0 mailutils mailutils-common mdadm psmisc
0 upgraded, 12 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
Need to get 7353 kB of archives.
After this operation, 24.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 exim4-config all 4.89-1 [376 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 exim4-base amd64 4.89-1 [1093 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 exim4-daemon-light amd64 4.89-1 [541 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 guile-2.0-libs amd64 2.0.13+1-4 [2232 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 libntlm0 amd64 1.4-8 [20.9 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 libgsasl7 amd64 1.8.0-8+b2 [207 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 libkyotocabinet16v5 amd64 1.2.76-4.2+b1 [298 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 mailutils-common all 1:3.1.1-1 [642 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 libmailutils5 amd64 1:3.1.1-1 [817 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 mailutils amd64 1:3.1.1-1 [573 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 mdadm amd64 3.4-4+b1 [430 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch/main amd64 psmisc amd64 22.21-2.1+b2 [123 kB]
Fetched 7353 kB in 1s (4622 kB/s)
apt-listchanges: Can't set locale; make sure $LC_* and $LANG are correct!
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = "en_US",
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Preconfiguring packages ...
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = "en_US",
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
E: Can not write log (Is /dev/pts mounted?) - posix_openpt (19: No such device)
Selecting previously unselected package exim4-config.
(Reading database ... 136551 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-exim4-config_4.89-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking exim4-config (4.89-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package exim4-base.
Preparing to unpack .../01-exim4-base_4.89-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking exim4-base (4.89-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package exim4-daemon-light.
Preparing to unpack .../02-exim4-daemon-light_4.89-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking exim4-daemon-light (4.89-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package guile-2.0-libs:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../03-guile-2.0-libs_2.0.13+1-4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking guile-2.0-libs:amd64 (2.0.13+1-4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libntlm0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../04-libntlm0_1.4-8_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libntlm0:amd64 (1.4-8) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgsasl7.
Preparing to unpack .../05-libgsasl7_1.8.0-8+b2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgsasl7 (1.8.0-8+b2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libkyotocabinet16v5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../06-libkyotocabinet16v5_1.2.76-4.2+b1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libkyotocabinet16v5:amd64 (1.2.76-4.2+b1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mailutils-common.
Preparing to unpack .../07-mailutils-common_1%3a3.1.1-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking mailutils-common (1:3.1.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libmailutils5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../08-libmailutils5_1%3a3.1.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libmailutils5:amd64 (1:3.1.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mailutils.
Preparing to unpack .../09-mailutils_1%3a3.1.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mailutils (1:3.1.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mdadm.
Preparing to unpack .../10-mdadm_3.4-4+b1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mdadm (3.4-4+b1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package psmisc.
Preparing to unpack .../11-psmisc_22.21-2.1+b2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking psmisc (22.21-2.1+b2) ...
Setting up psmisc (22.21-2.1+b2) ...
Setting up exim4-config (4.89-1) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Adding system-user for exim (v4)
Setting up exim4-base (4.89-1) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
exim: DB upgrade, deleting hints-db
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Setting up mdadm (3.4-4+b1) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Generating mdadm.conf... done.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.9.0-1-amd64
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
done
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
update-rc.d: warning: start and stop actions are no longer supported; falling back to defaults
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Setting up libntlm0:amd64 (1.4-8) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-9) ...
Setting up guile-2.0-libs:amd64 (2.0.13+1-4) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (232-22) ...
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
Setting up exim4-daemon-light (4.89-1) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Running in chroot, ignoring request.
Initializing GnuTLS DH parameter file
Setting up libkyotocabinet16v5:amd64 (1.2.76-4.2+b1) ...
Setting up mailutils-common (1:3.1.1-1) ...
Setting up libgsasl7 (1.8.0-8+b2) ...
Setting up libmailutils5:amd64 (1:3.1.1-1) ...
Setting up mailutils (1:3.1.1-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/frm.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/frm (frm) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/from.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/from (from) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/messages.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/messages (messages) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/movemail.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/movemail (movemail) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/readmsg.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/readmsg (readmsg) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/dotlock.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/dotlock (dotlock) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/mail.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/mailx (mailx) in auto mode
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.128) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.9.0-1-amd64
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-9) ...
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#53

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 15:53

root@ubuntu:/# apt-get remove dmraid
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
libdmraid1.0.0.rc16
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
dmraid
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
After this operation, 95.2 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
apt-listchanges: Can't set locale; make sure $LC_* and $LANG are correct!
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = "en_US",
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
E: Can not write log (Is /dev/pts mounted?) - posix_openpt (19: No such device)
(Reading database ... 137640 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing dmraid (1.0.0.rc16-8) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.128) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.9.0-1-amd64
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
root@ubuntu:/#
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#54

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 15:59

root@ubuntu:/# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p5 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p6 /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p2 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p7 /home ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p12 /opt ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p11 /srv ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p8 /tmp ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p9 /usr ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p13 /usr/local ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p10 /var ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p14 none swap sw 0 0
root@ubuntu:/# cat /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
root@ubuntu:/# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.9.0-1-amd64
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
done
root@ubuntu:/# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p5 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p6 /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p2 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p7 /home ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p12 /opt ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p11 /srv ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p8 /tmp ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p9 /usr ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p13 /usr/local ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p10 /var ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p14 none swap sw 0 0
root@ubuntu:/#
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#55

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 16:05

root@ubuntu:/# cat /boot/grub/grub.cfg
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
else
set default="0"
fi

if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi

export menuentry_id_option

if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi

function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}

if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 343d0f97-fb70-4e84-abf6-b05d5a638c38
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 343d0f97-fb70-4e84-abf6-b05d5a638c38
fi
font="/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi

if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
set timeout=30
else
if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
set timeout_style=menu
set timeout=5
# Fallback normal timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
# unavailable.
else
set timeout=5
fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 343d0f97-fb70-4e84-abf6-b05d5a638c38
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 343d0f97-fb70-4e84-abf6-b05d5a638c38
fi
insmod png
if background_image /share/desktop-base/softwaves-theme/grub/grub-4x3.png; then
set color_normal=white/black
set color_highlight=black/white
else
set menu_color_normal=cyan/blue
set menu_color_highlight=white/blue
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
set gfxpayload="${1}"
}
set linux_gfx_mode=
export linux_gfx_mode
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.9.0-1-amd64 ...'
linux /vmlinuz-4.9.0-1-amd64 root=UUID=a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02 ro quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /initrd.img-4.9.0-1-amd64
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Debian GNU/Linux' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02' {
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.9.0-1-amd64' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.9.0-1-amd64-advanced-a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.9.0-1-amd64 ...'
linux /vmlinuz-4.9.0-1-amd64 root=UUID=a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02 ro quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /initrd.img-4.9.0-1-amd64
}
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.9.0-1-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.9.0-1-amd64-recovery-a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.9.0-1-amd64 ...'
linux /vmlinuz-4.9.0-1-amd64 root=UUID=a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02 ro single
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /initrd.img-4.9.0-1-amd64
}
}

### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###

### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
menuentry 'System setup' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {
fwsetup
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#56

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 16:11

Modify /etc/fstab use uuid
root@ubuntu:/# blkid
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p1: UUID="92508187508172B1" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="da16978d-38f5-4ea0-afe9-2a07fdf32921"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p10: UUID="7c812c67-da19-48da-bb44-9e25b6599766" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="b3a21757-6c30-4bc8-a9c4-016789e424b1"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p11: UUID="b0994ee7-4ef9-48cd-8150-5641f4be7b1e" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="d987d052-2428-4077-8786-febfc2f6e2f5"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p12: UUID="e21afab4-ea8a-4fa8-8cf9-1f52945608fb" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="1d719793-4f7c-43af-98b2-8f83e790047e"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p13: UUID="a65948e0-4ffc-4eac-8051-d45de82b2fd9" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="77d10602-431a-4891-b203-d680eac1fd6a"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p2: UUID="C29E-0CF4" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="f12c040c-85de-4034-8acb-db2c57fe661a"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p4: UUID="2420D13720D110A2" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="a4088807-3f23-4896-a431-9dc72a6374fb"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p5: UUID="a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="cd52b89c-6256-4db5-9c39-ba6d12dcab63"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p6: UUID="01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="c8a709d3-c0b3-4057-949f-6525aa154103"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p7: UUID="08577eb2-23a8-4393-81c5-fd0c730faeae" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="8babbaab-3c27-4a79-b9f1-8be439f9e57e"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p8: UUID="00298cb2-af3d-4593-a202-0f9cd681f1d9" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="c5a2e4a9-e6c3-4772-805b-088e4ccd4a73"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p9: UUID="343d0f97-fb70-4e84-abf6-b05d5a638c38" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="6c594057-c39a-43d7-9e94-af455b0d92e7"
/dev/sdd: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/sde4: LABEL="Ubuntu 16.0" UUID="B4FE-5315" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="cad4ebea-04"
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sda: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/sdb: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/sdc: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001: PTUUID="f72afe76-83a2-4b0c-841a-61089ef186de" PTTYPE="gpt"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p3: PARTLABEL="Microsoft reserved partition" PARTUUID="3cce8b60-c1d8-4019-a2d4-f94a86662218"
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p14: UUID="651c62be-c48c-4d65-9cbd-8f274d6d8c4e" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="ecd00c4e-9b6b-4f46-8339-5af4ad7fcdff"
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#57

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 16:14

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
UUID=a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p6 /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p2 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p7 /home ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p12 /opt ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p11 /srv ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p8 /tmp ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p9 /usr ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p13 /usr/local ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p10 /var ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/isw_bicighheaa_ZYL-001p14 none swap sw 0 0
poloshiao
论坛版主
帖子: 18279
注册时间: 2009-08-04 16:33

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#58

帖子 poloshiao » 2017-04-17 16:25

能否在已经安装失败的debain 8 和9上执行 apt-get install mdadm apt-get remove dmraid update-grub呢?
1. 先理解 fakeraid (dmraid) 和 software raid (mdadm) 最大不同是 :
1-1. fakeraid 要先在 Bios 開機畫面 先組好 raid (此時 需要 raid 卡 及 驅動 通常是 Windows 版)
1-2. software raid 不能在 Bios 開機畫面 先組好 raid, 而是呈現 個別單獨分割區 開機啟動 Ubuntu 後 才由 Ubuntu 的 mdadm 將 個別單獨分割區 組成 raid
1-2-1. 如果 你曾經使用 該 單獨分割區 組成 fakeraid 或 其它 software raid, 會在 該 單獨分割區 的 superblock 遺留數據 可能會影響 mdadm 將 個別單獨分割區 組成 raid, 所以需要使用 適當指令 先將 superblock 遺留數據 歸零 成功機會比較大

2. mdadm 跟 dmraid 可能不相容
意思是 安裝 mdadm 時 可能會問你 要不要移除 dmraid ? 你注意一下
(因為 不同版本 相依關係 可能不同 所以 你注意一下)
2-1. 比較理想 是在 Bios 開機階段 就把 fake raid 全部拆成 單獨分割區
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#59

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 16:31

Thank!
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
UUID=a53cc5ef-9131-4af4-a1bc-049537022e02 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
UUID=01a08f77-1f8b-4ec5-bc33-a00fe3315d97 /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=C29E-0CF4 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
UUID=08577eb2-23a8-4393-81c5-fd0c730faeae /home ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=e21afab4-ea8a-4fa8-8cf9-1f52945608fb /opt ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=b0994ee7-4ef9-48cd-8150-5641f4be7b1e /srv ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=00298cb2-af3d-4593-a202-0f9cd681f1d9 /tmp ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=343d0f97-fb70-4e84-abf6-b05d5a638c38 /usr ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=a65948e0-4ffc-4eac-8051-d45de82b2fd9 /usr/local ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=7c812c67-da19-48da-bb44-9e25b6599766 /var ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=651c62be-c48c-4d65-9cbd-8f274d6d8c4e none swap sw 0 0
helpmejssz
帖子: 67
注册时间: 2017-04-07 2:45
系统: win10

Re: chroot 到其他盘上的linux 系统(debain)能否update-grub 和 install-gru

#60

帖子 helpmejssz » 2017-04-17 16:40

command: "ctrl + Z & fg " very good!
root@ubuntu:/# fg
nano /etc/fstab
root@ubuntu:/# ls /run
NetworkManager alsa crond.reboot dmeventd-client initramfs lock mount resolvconf shm systemd udisks2
acpid.pid avahi-daemon cups dmeventd-server irqbalance.pid log network rsyslogd.pid snapd-snap.socket thermald user
acpid.socket blkid dbus exim4 lightdm lvm plymouth samba snapd.socket tmpfiles.d utmp
agetty.reload crond.pid dhclient-eno1.pid initctl lightdm.pid lvmetad.pid pppconfig sendsigs.omit.d sudo udev uuidd
root@ubuntu:/# ls /run/log
journal
root@ubuntu:/# ls /run/log/journal
55b81ef0d3e441e68d5b257878afdd78
root@ubuntu:/# umount /dev
root@ubuntu:/# umount /proc
root@ubuntu:/# umount /sys
root@ubuntu:/# umount /run
root@ubuntu:/# exit
exit
helpmejssz

reboot
回复