微软将Ubuntu列入Windows对手名单

[momova]

在每年微软提交给美国证券交易委员会的年度Form 10-K文件中，最有趣的莫过于微软列出的公司在每个领域的竞争对手这部分了，虽然这些结果大多都在众人的意料之中，不过这份文件还是有重要的意义，它意味着微软认为这些企业已经成长到需要“注意”的地步了。

微软在上周递交的10-K文件中将Canonical添加到了客户部门（主要开发管理Windows）的竞争对手之中。众所周知，Canonical是Ubuntu Linux的开发者和支持者。除此之外值得注意的是红帽也被列入其中，而之前红帽只是列入微软企业和服务器&工具部门里的竞争对手。虽然认定linux进展主要是在定价较低的新OEM机型。era，去年的文件中只将Mozilla列为了竞争对手。

微软在文件中写道：“客户市场面临着严峻的挑战，苹果、Canonical和红帽等竞争对手不断开发包括Unix变种在内的各类商业软件产品……Linux操作系统已经赢得了很多认同，尤其是在新兴市场，在竞争压力下OEM厂商不断试图降低成本，新的低价PC获得了推广，合作伙伴惠普和Intel在积极地致力于开发Linux操作系统。”微软的论述中，表明自己的最大优势就是大量的优秀应用软件支持。

微软浏览器市场竞争对手中新增了Google、苹果和Opera。“Windows操作系统同样也面临着来自多平台的竞争，此外新设备的层出不穷也降低了对传统PC机的消费需求。苹果、Google、Mozilla和Opera这样的软件企业不断挑战IE网络浏览器，移动设备的全球用户和使用量相比PC机出现了强劲的增长，OEM厂商也在致力于使得Google手机操作系统Android更好地兼容小型PC机和上网本。”

We believe that our server products provide customers with advantages in innovation, performance, total costs of ownership, and productivity by delivering superior applications, development tools, and compatibility with a broad base of hardware and software applications, security, and manageability.



原文
_______________________________
Client

Client has overall responsibility for technical architecture, engineering, and delivery of our Windows product family and is responsible for our relationships with personal computer manufacturers, including multinational and regional original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). Client revenue growth is directly impacted by growth of PC purchases from OEMs that pre-install versions of Windows operating systems because the OEM channel accounts for over 80% of total Client revenue. The differences between unit growth rates and revenue growth rates from year to year are affected primarily by changes in the mix of OEM Windows premium edition operating systems licensed as a percentage of total OEM Windows operating systems licensed (“OEM premium mix”). Additional differences in growth rates result from the impact from lower cost netbook PCs, which are sold with a lower cost version of Windows, changes in geographic mix, and changes in the channel mix of products sold by large, multi-national OEMs versus those sold by local and regional system builders.

The majority of revenue in fiscal year 2009 came from sales of Windows Vista, which was released in fiscal year 2007. Windows XP operating systems reached end-of-life for most editions and sales channels (Windows XP Home Edition will continue to be available on netbooks and other Windows XP editions will continue to be available in China). Windows 7, the latest version of Windows, was released to manufacturing in July 2009 and is expected to be generally available on October 22, 2009.

Client offerings consist of premium and standard edition Windows operating systems. Premium editions are those that include additional functionality and are sold at a price above our standard editions.

Products: Windows Vista, including Home Basic, Home Premium, Ultimate, Business, Enterprise, and Starter Edition; Windows XP, including Professional, Home, Media Center, and Tablet PC Edition; and other standard Windows operating systems.

Competition

Client faces strong competition from well-established companies with differing approaches to the PC market. Competing commercial software products, including variants of Unix, are supplied by competitors such as Apple, Canonical, and Red Hat. Apple takes an integrated approach to the PC experience and has made inroads in share, particularly in the U.S. and in the consumer segment. The Linux operating system, which is also derived from Unix and is available without payment under a General Public License, has gained some acceptance, especially in emerging markets, as competitive pressures lead OEMs to reduce costs and new, lower-price PC form-factors gain adoption. Partners such as Hewlett-Packard and Intel have been actively working with alternative Linux-based operating systems.

The Windows operating system also faces competition from alternative platforms and new devices that may reduce consumer demand for traditional PCs. Competitors such as Apple, Google, Mozilla, and Opera Software Company offer software that competes with the Internet Explorer Web browsing capabilities of Windows products. User and usage volumes on mobile devices are increasing around the world relative to the PC. OEMs have been working to make the Google Android mobile operating system more compatible with small form-factor PCs or netbooks.

Our operating system products compete effectively by delivering innovative software, giving customers choice and flexibility, a familiar, easy-to-use interface, compatibility with a broad range of hardware and software applications, and the largest support network for any operating system.


——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Server and Tools

Server and Tools develops and markets software server products, software developer tools, services, and solutions. Windows Server-based products are integrated server infrastructure and middleware software designed to support software applications built on the Windows Server operating system. Windows Server-based products include the server platform including targeted segment solutions, database, storage, management and operations, service-oriented architecture platform, and security and identity software. The segment also builds standalone and software development lifecycle tools for software architects, developers, testers, and project managers. Server products can be run on-site, in a partner-hosted environment, or in a Microsoft-hosted environment.

We offer a broad range of consulting services and provide product support services that assist customers in developing, deploying, and managing Microsoft server and desktop solutions. We also provide training and certification to developers and information technology professionals about our Server and Tools, Microsoft Business Division, and Client platform products.

Approximately 50% of Server and Tools revenue comes from multi-year licensing agreements, approximately 20% is purchased through fully packaged product and transactional volume licensing programs, and approximately 10% comes from licenses sold to OEMs. The remainder of Server and Tools revenue comes from consulting and product and solution support services.

Windows Server 2008 R2, the latest version of the Windows Server operating system was released to manufacturing in July 2009 and is expected to be generally available in September 2009.

Products and Services: Windows Server operating system; Microsoft SQL Server; Visual Studio; Silverlight; System Center products; Forefront security products; Biz Talk Server; Microsoft Consulting Services; Premier product support services; and other products and services.

Competition

Our server operating system products face intense competition from a wide variety of server operating systems and server applications, offered by companies with a variety of market approaches. Vertically integrated computer manufacturers such as Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Sun Microsystems offer their own versions of the Unix operating system preinstalled on server hardware. Nearly all computer manufacturers offer server hardware for the Linux operating system and many contribute to Linux operating system development. The competitive position of Linux has also benefited from the large number of compatible applications now produced by many leading commercial and non-commercial software developers. A number of companies supply versions of Linux, including Novell and Red Hat.

We have entered into business and technical collaboration agreements with Novell and other Linux providers to build, market, and support a series of solutions to enhance the interoperability of our products with their virtualization, management, and network security solutions, and to provide each other’s customers with patent coverage for their respective products.

We compete to provide enterprise-wide computing solutions with several companies that offer solutions and middleware technology platforms. IBM, Oracle, and Sun Microsystems lead a group of companies focused on the Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE). Commercial software developers that provide competing server applications for PC-based distributed client/server environments include CA, Inc., IBM, and Oracle. Our Web application platform software competes with open source software such as Apache, Linux, MySQL, and PHP, and we compete against Java middleware such as Geronimo, JBoss, and Spring Framework.

Numerous commercial software vendors offer competing software applications for connectivity (both Internet and intranet), security, hosting, and e-business servers. System Center competes with server management and server virtualization platform providers, such as BMC, CA, Inc., Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and VMWare in the management of information technology infrastructures. Forefront security products compete with McAfee, Symantec, and Trend Micro in protecting both client and server applications. Our products for software developers compete against offerings from Adobe, Borland, IBM, Oracle, Sun Microsystems, other companies, and open-source projects. Open source projects include Eclipse (sponsored by CA, IBM, Oracle, and SAP), PHP, and Ruby on Rails, among others. We believe that our server products provide customers with advantages in innovation, performance, total costs of ownership, and productivity by delivering superior applications, development tools, and compatibility with a broad base of hardware and software applications, security, and manageability.
——————————————————————————————————————
Online Services Business

The Online Services Business (“OSB”) consists of an online advertising platform with offerings for both publishers and advertisers, online information offerings such as Bing, MSN Portals and channels, and personal communications services such as email and instant messaging around the world. We earn revenue primarily from online advertising, including search, display, and email and messaging services. Revenue is also generated through subscriptions and transactions generated from online paid services, from advertiser and publisher tools, and digital marketing and advertising agency services. We continue to launch updated and new online offerings and expect to continue to do so in the future. During fiscal year 2009, we launched new releases of our proprietary advertising platforms, adCenter and adExpert, and launched a new release of our search engine named Bing. We also updated behavioral targeting tools, launched new releases of MSN properties globally, and added applications and services to our existing Windows Live suite.

Products and Services: Bing; Microsoft adCenter/adExpert; Microsoft Media Network (MMN); MSN portals, channels, and mobile services; Windows Live suite of applications and mobile services; Atlas online tools for advertisers and publishers; MSN Premium Web Services (consisting of MSN Internet Software Subscription, MSN Hotmail Plus, and MSN Software Services); and Razorfish media agency services.

Competition

OSB competes with AOL, Google, Yahoo!, and a wide array of Web sites and portals that provide content and online offerings of all types to end users. We compete with these organizations to provide advertising opportunities for merchants. The Internet advertising industry has grown significantly over the past several years, and we anticipate that this trend will continue long-term. Competitors are aggressively developing Internet offerings that seek to provide more effective ways of connecting advertisers with audiences through enhanced functionality in information services such as Internet search, improvements in communication services, and improved advertising infrastructure and support services. We believe our search engine, Bing, helps users make faster, more informed decisions by providing more relevant search results, expanded search services, and a broader selection of content. We have also enhanced the user interface to bring a richer search experience, which we believe will differentiate us from our competitors. To support the growth of our advertising business, we also are investing in improving the scale of our advertising platform, seamless integration of content and offerings to the mobile platform, rich and relevant content for wider consumer reach, enhanced communication services, technology, and operations, along with sustained sales efforts. We will continue to introduce new products and services that are aimed at attracting additional users through improvements in the user online experience. We believe that we can compete effectively across the breadth of our Internet services by providing users with software innovation in the form of information and communication services that help them find and use the information and experiences they want online and by providing merchants with effective advertising results through improved systems and sales support.
————————————————————————————————————
Microsoft Business Division

Microsoft Business Division (“MBD”) offerings consist of the Microsoft Office system and Microsoft Dynamics business solutions. Microsoft Office system products are designed to increase personal, team, and organization productivity through a range of programs, services, and software solutions. Growth of revenue from the Microsoft Office system offerings, which generate over 90% of MBD revenue, depends on our ability to add value to the core Office product set and to continue to expand our product offerings in other information worker areas such as content management, enterprise search, collaboration, unified communications, and business intelligence. Microsoft Dynamics products provide business solutions for financial management, customer relationship management, supply chain management, and analytics applications for small and mid-size businesses, large organizations, and divisions of global enterprises.

We evaluate MBD results based upon the nature of the end user in two primary parts: business revenue, which includes Microsoft Office system revenue generated through volume licensing agreements and Microsoft Dynamics revenue; and consumer revenue, which includes revenue from retail packaged product sales and OEM revenue. Approximately 80% of MBD revenue is generated from sales to businesses. Revenue from this category generally depends upon the number of information workers in a licensed enterprise and is therefore relatively independent of the number of PCs sold in a given year. Approximately 20% of MBD revenue is derived from sales to consumers. Most of this revenue is generated from new licenses acquired through fully packaged products and licenses sold through OEMs for new PCs and is generally affected by the level of PC shipments and product launches.

Products: Microsoft Office; Microsoft Office Project; Microsoft Office Visio; Microsoft Office SharePoint Server; FAST ESP; Microsoft Exchange Server; Microsoft Exchange Hosted Services; Microsoft Office Live Meeting; Microsoft Office Communications Server; Microsoft Office Communicator; Microsoft Tellme Service; Microsoft Dynamics ERP products including AX, NAV, GP, SL, Retail Management System, and Point of Sale; Microsoft Dynamics CRM; and Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online.

Competition

Competitors to the Microsoft Office system include many software application vendors such as Adobe, Apple, Corel, Google, IBM, Novell, Oracle, Red Hat, Zoho, and local application developers in Asia and Europe. Apple may distribute certain versions of its application software products with various models of its PCs and through its mobile devices. Corel (WordPerfect Suite) and IBM (Smartsuite) have measurable installed bases with their office productivity products. Corel’s suites, and many local software suites around the world, are aggressively priced for OEMs to preinstall them on low-priced PCs. Google provides Google Apps, a hosted messaging and productivity suite that competes with Microsoft Office, Microsoft Exchange, and Microsoft SharePoint Server, and also provides an enterprise search offering that competes with Microsoft Search Server. IBM competes with Office system products with its Notes and Workplace offerings. The OpenOffice.org project provides a freely downloadable cross-platform application that also has been adapted by various commercial software vendors to sell under their brands, including IBM, Novell, Red Hat, and Sun Microsystems. Web-based offerings such as 37Signals, Adobe, AjaxWrite, gOffice, ShareOffice, Socialtext, ThinkFree, Zoho, or other small projects competing with individual applications, can also provide an alternative to Microsoft Office system products. Our Microsoft Dynamics products compete with well-known vendors such as Intuit and Sage in the market focused on providing solutions for small and mid-sized businesses. The market for large organizations and divisions of global enterprises is intensely competitive with a small number of primary vendors including Oracle and SAP. Additionally, Salesforce.com’s on-demand customer relationship management offerings compete directly with Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online and Microsoft Dynamic CRM’s on-premise offerings.

As we continue to respond to market demand for additional functionality and products, we will compete with additional vendors, most notably in content management and enterprise search, collaboration tools, unified communications, and business intelligence. These competitors include Autonomy, Cisco, Endeca, Google, IBM, Oracle, and SAP. We believe our products compete effectively with all of these vendors based on our strategy of providing flexible, easy to use solutions that work well with technologies our customers already have.

[leeaman]

[ask_me]

名单中有”宏硬(macrohard)“否？

[istartagain]

说明 微软有危机意识

[peteryeh64]

如果小看ubuntu会很惨的.......如果win7再失败....有点软公司恐怕.....

[mymathersname]

在每年微软提交给美国证券交易委员会的年度Form 10-K文件中，最有趣的莫过于微软列出的公司在每个领域的竞争对手这部分了，虽然这些结果大多都在众人的意料之中，不过这份文件还是有重要的意义，它意味着微软认为这些企业已经成长到需要“注意”的地步了。

微软在上周递交的10-K文件中将Canonical添加到了客户部门（主要开发管理Windows）的竞争对手之中。众所周知，Canonical是Ubuntu Linux的开发者和支持者。除此之外值得注意的是红帽也被列入其中，而之前红帽只是列入微软企业和服务器&工具部门里的竞争对手。

微软浏览器市场竞争对手中新增了Google、苹果和Opera，去年的文件中只将Mozilla列为了竞争对手。

微软在文件中写道：“客户市场面临着严峻的挑战，苹果、Canonical和红帽等竞争对手不断开发包括Unix变种在内的各类商业软件产品……Linux操作系统已经赢得了很多认同，尤其是在新兴市场，在竞争压力下OEM厂商不断试图降低成本，新的低价PC获得了推广，像惠普之类的合作伙伴也在积极地致力于可选的Linux操作系统。”

“Windows操作系统同样也面临着来自多平台的竞争，此外新设备的层出不穷也降低了对传统PC机的消费需求。苹果、Google、Mozilla和Opera这样的软件企业不断挑战IE网络浏览器，移动设备的全球用户和使用量相比PC机出现了强劲的增长，OEM厂商也在致力于使得Google手机操作系统Android更好地兼容小型PC机和上网本。”

这个消息非常有利于UBUNTU和WINDOWS的成长

[highwind]

有竞争，反垄断啦。

[szyzln]

Ubuntu的强大，对任何人都没有坏处吧？

[lerosua]

嗯，被重视了

[adagio]

不容易

[untitled]

WIN7感觉还是有可能失败的～虽然使用上跟VISTA，2008差不多，但是现在WINDOWS的用户还是主要在XP上，不爱换系统的原因，还是因为那个习惯。

[szyzln]

WIN7感觉还是有可能失败的～虽然使用上跟VISTA，2008差不多，但是现在WINDOWS的用户还是主要在XP上，不爱换系统的原因，还是因为那个习惯。

这个不好说。一直在用XP，是因为win7一直没出正式版，尤其是中文简体版。
Win7已经宣传得很不错了，就看它的破解会不会快。

[hubert_star]

楼主的新闻，如果我没看错的话，原文应该还有一个redhat

唉

[sammysun]

[ubuntuabc]

WIN7感觉还是有可能失败的～虽然使用上跟VISTA，2008差不多，但是现在WINDOWS的用户还是主要在XP上，不爱换系统的原因，还是因为那个习惯。

7的内存至少1G。