[wiki]HOWTO--postfix

[freeflying]

The How To is a step by step process in which teaches the user how to pull together a SMTP-AUTH to the users server. All applications and dependencies have been recommended in order to go forth with this process.
Installation

In order to install Postfix with SMTP-AUTH and TLS do the following steps:

apt-get install postfix postfix-tls libsasl2 sasl2-bin libsasl2-modules libdb3-util procmail

followed by:

dpkg-reconfigure postfix

Insert the following details when asked (replacing server1.example.com with your domain name if you have one):

*

Internet Site
*

NONE
*

server1.example.com
*

server1.example.com, localhost.example.com, localhost
*

No
*

127.0.0.0/8
*

0
*

+

Then run the following commands:

postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_local_domain ='
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous'
postconf -e 'broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination'
postconf -e 'inet_interfaces = all'
echo 'pwcheck_method: saslauthd' >> /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf
echo 'mech_list: plain login' >> /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf

mkdir /etc/postfix/ssl
cd /etc/postfix/ssl/
openssl genrsa -des3 -rand /etc/hosts -out smtpd.key 1024
chmod 600 smtpd.key
openssl req -new -key smtpd.key -out smtpd.csr
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in smtpd.csr -signkey smtpd.key -out smtpd.crt
openssl rsa -in smtpd.key -out smtpd.key.unencrypted
mv -f smtpd.key.unencrypted smtpd.key
openssl req -new -x509 -extensions v3_ca -keyout cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650

postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_auth_only = no'
postconf -e 'smtp_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_received_header = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s'
postconf -e 'tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom'
postconf -e 'myhostname = server1.example.com'

The file /etc/postfix/main.cf should now look like this:

# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

myhostname = server1.example.com
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = server1.example.com, localhost.example.com, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject _unauth_destination
smtpd_tls_auth_only = no
smtp_use_tls = yes
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom

Second Step

Restart the postfix daemon like this:

/etc/init.d/postfix restart

Authentication will be done by saslauthd. We have to change a few things to make it work properly. Because Postfix runs chrooted in /var/spool/postfix we have to do the following:

mkdir -p /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd
rm -fr /var/run/saslauthd

Third STEP

Now we have to edit /etc/default/saslauthd in order to activate saslauthd. Remove # in front of START=yes and add the line PARAMS="-m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd":

# This needs to be uncommented before saslauthd will be run automatically
START=yes

PARAMS="-m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"

# You must specify the authentication mechanisms you wish to use.
# This defaults to "pam" for PAM support, but may also include
# "shadow" or "sasldb", like this:
# MECHANISMS="pam shadow"

MECHANISMS="pam"

FOURTH STEP

Finally we have to edit /etc/init.d/saslauthd. Change the line

dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`

to

#dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`

FIFTH STEP

Then change the variables PWDIR and PIDFILE and add the variable dir at the beginning of the file:

PWDIR="/var/spool/postfix/var/run/${NAME}"
PIDFILE="${PWDIR}/saslauthd.pid"
dir="root sasl 755 ${PWDIR}"

/etc/init.d/saslauthd should now look like this:

#!/bin/sh -e

NAME=saslauthd
DAEMON="/usr/sbin/${NAME}"
DESC="SASL Authentication Daemon"
DEFAULTS=/etc/default/saslauthd
PWDIR="/var/spool/postfix/var/run/${NAME}"
PIDFILE="${PWDIR}/saslauthd.pid"
dir="root sasl 755 ${PWDIR}"

createdir() {
# $1 = user
# $2 = group
# $3 = permissions (octal)
# $4 = path to directory
[ -d "$4" ] || mkdir -p "$4"
chown -c -h "$1:$2" "$4"
chmod -c "$3" "$4"
}

test -f "${DAEMON}" || exit 0

# Source defaults file; edit that file to configure this script.
if [ -e "${DEFAULTS}" ]; then
. "${DEFAULTS}"
fi

# If we're not to start the daemon, simply exit
if [ "${START}" != "yes" ]; then
exit 0
fi

# If we have no mechanisms defined
if [ "x${MECHANISMS}" = "x" ]; then
echo "You need to configure ${DEFAULTS} with mechanisms to be used"
exit 0
fi

# Add our mechanimsms with the necessary flag
PARAMS="${PARAMS} -a ${MECHANISMS}"

START="--start --quiet --pidfile ${PIDFILE} --startas ${DAEMON} --name ${NAME} -- ${PARAMS}"

# Consider our options
case "${1}" in
start)
echo -n "Starting ${DESC}: "
#dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`
test -z "$dir" || createdir $dir
if start-stop-daemon ${START} >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
echo "${NAME}."
else
if start-stop-daemon --test ${START} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "(failed)."
exit 1
else
echo "${DAEMON} already running."
exit 0
fi
fi
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping ${DESC}: "
if start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile "${PIDFILE}" \
--startas ${DAEMON} --retry 10 --name ${NAME} \
>/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
echo "${NAME}."
else
if start-stop-daemon --test ${START} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "(not running)."
exit 0
else
echo "(failed)."
exit 1
fi
fi
;;
restart|force-reload)
$0 stop
exec $0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/${NAME} {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac

exit 0

SIXTH STEP

Now start saslauthd:

/etc/init.d/saslauthd start

To see if SMTP-AUTH and TLS work properly now run the following command:

telnet localhost 25

After you have established the connection to your postfix mail server type

ehlo localhost

If you see the lines

250-STARTTLS

and

250-AUTH

everything is fine.

Type

quit

to return to the system's shell.

[鱼的眼泪]

The How To is a step by step process in which teaches the user how to pull together a SMTP-AUTH to the users server. All applications and dependencies have been recommended in order to go forth with this process.
这个How To将一步一步告诉用户如何将SMTP-AUTH整合进用户大server，为了使这个过程顺利完成，所有的应用程序和依赖关系都使用推荐的。
Installation
In order to install Postfix with SMTP-AUTH and TLS do the following steps:
apt-get install postfix postfix-tls libsasl2 sasl2-bin libsasl2-modules libdb3-util procmail
followed by:
dpkg-reconfigure postfix
Insert the following details when asked (replacing server1.example.com with your domain name if you have one):
安装：
为了安装带有SMTP-AUTH and TLS功能的Postfix，请按下面的步骤：

apt-get install postfix postfix-tls libsasl2 sasl2-bin libsasl2-modules libdb3-util procmail

输入以下命令
dpkg-reconfigure postfix
当系统要求时插入下面这些（要是你有自己的域名，用它代替server1.example.com）

*

Internet Site
*

NONE
*

server1.example.com
*

server1.example.com, localhost.example.com, localhost
*

No
*

127.0.0.0/8
*

0
*

+

然后运行下面大命令

postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_local_domain ='
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous'
postconf -e 'broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination'
postconf -e 'inet_interfaces = all'
echo 'pwcheck_method: saslauthd' >> /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf
echo 'mech_list: plain login' >> /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf

mkdir /etc/postfix/ssl
cd /etc/postfix/ssl/
openssl genrsa -des3 -rand /etc/hosts -out smtpd.key 1024
chmod 600 smtpd.key
openssl req -new -key smtpd.key -out smtpd.csr
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in smtpd.csr -signkey smtpd.key -out smtpd.crt
openssl rsa -in smtpd.key -out smtpd.key.unencrypted
mv -f smtpd.key.unencrypted smtpd.key
openssl req -new -x509 -extensions v3_ca -keyout cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650

postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_auth_only = no'
postconf -e 'smtp_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_received_header = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s'
postconf -e 'tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom'
postconf -e 'myhostname = server1.example.com'

这时候文件/etc/postfix/main.cf将如下所示
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

myhostname = server1.example.com
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = server1.example.com, localhost.example.com, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject _unauth_destination
smtpd_tls_auth_only = no
smtp_use_tls = yes
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom

[鱼的眼泪]

Second Step

Restart the postfix daemon like this:

/etc/init.d/postfix restart

Authentication will be done by saslauthd. We have to change a few things to make it work properly. Because Postfix runs chrooted in /var/spool/postfix we have to do the following:

mkdir -p /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd
rm -fr /var/run/saslauthd
第二步：
重启postfix daemon

/etc/init.d/postfix restart

saslauthd将进行验证，我们不得不改变一些设置以便使它能正确地运行。因为Postfix在/var/spool/postfix运行chrooted，我们将做以下的事情：

mkdir -p /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd
rm -fr /var/run/saslauthd


Third STEP

Now we have to edit /etc/default/saslauthd in order to activate saslauthd. Remove # in front of START=yes and add the line PARAMS="-m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd":
第三步：
我们将编辑/etc/default/saslauthd并激活saslauthd，去掉START=yes前面大#号并增加一行
PARAMS="-m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"
改后大文件如下所示：
# This needs to be uncommented before saslauthd will be run automatically
START=yes

PARAMS="-m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"

# You must specify the authentication mechanisms you wish to use.
# This defaults to "pam" for PAM support, but may also include
# "shadow" or "sasldb", like this:
# MECHANISMS="pam shadow"

MECHANISMS="pam"

[鱼的眼泪]

FOURTH STEP

Finally we have to edit /etc/init.d/saslauthd. Change the line

dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`

to

#dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`
第四步：
最后，我们将编辑/etc/init.d/saslauthd
将这行
dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`
改为
#dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`

FIFTH STEP

Then change the variables PWDIR and PIDFILE and add the variable dir at the beginning of the file:

PWDIR="/var/spool/postfix/var/run/${NAME}"
PIDFILE="${PWDIR}/saslauthd.pid"
dir="root sasl 755 ${PWDIR}"

/etc/init.d/saslauthd should now look like this:

第五步：
在这个文件大开头做以下的改变：
改变变量PWDIR and PIDFILE的值并添加变量dir

PWDIR="/var/spool/postfix/var/run/${NAME}"
PIDFILE="${PWDIR}/saslauthd.pid"
dir="root sasl 755 ${PWDIR}"

改后，文件/etc/init.d/saslauthd将如下所示：
#!/bin/sh -e

NAME=saslauthd
DAEMON="/usr/sbin/${NAME}"
DESC="SASL Authentication Daemon"
DEFAULTS=/etc/default/saslauthd
PWDIR="/var/spool/postfix/var/run/${NAME}"
PIDFILE="${PWDIR}/saslauthd.pid"
dir="root sasl 755 ${PWDIR}"

createdir() {
# $1 = user
# $2 = group
# $3 = permissions (octal)
# $4 = path to directory
[ -d "$4" ] || mkdir -p "$4"
chown -c -h "$1:$2" "$4"
chmod -c "$3" "$4"
}

test -f "${DAEMON}" || exit 0

# Source defaults file; edit that file to configure this script.
if [ -e "${DEFAULTS}" ]; then
. "${DEFAULTS}"
fi

# If we're not to start the daemon, simply exit
if [ "${START}" != "yes" ]; then
exit 0
fi

# If we have no mechanisms defined
if [ "x${MECHANISMS}" = "x" ]; then
echo "You need to configure ${DEFAULTS} with mechanisms to be used"
exit 0
fi

# Add our mechanimsms with the necessary flag
PARAMS="${PARAMS} -a ${MECHANISMS}"

START="--start --quiet --pidfile ${PIDFILE} --startas ${DAEMON} --name ${NAME} -- ${PARAMS}"

# Consider our options
case "${1}" in
start)
echo -n "Starting ${DESC}: "
#dir=`dpkg-statoverride --list $PWDIR`
test -z "$dir" || createdir $dir
if start-stop-daemon ${START} >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
echo "${NAME}."
else
if start-stop-daemon --test ${START} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "(failed)."
exit 1
else
echo "${DAEMON} already running."
exit 0
fi
fi
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping ${DESC}: "
if start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile "${PIDFILE}" \
--startas ${DAEMON} --retry 10 --name ${NAME} \
>/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
echo "${NAME}."
else
if start-stop-daemon --test ${START} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "(not running)."
exit 0
else
echo "(failed)."
exit 1
fi
fi
;;
restart|force-reload)
$0 stop
exec $0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/${NAME} {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac

exit 0

[鱼的眼泪]

SIXTH STEP
Now start saslauthd:
/etc/init.d/saslauthd start
To see if SMTP-AUTH and TLS work properly now run the following command:
telnet localhost 25

After you have established the connection to your postfix mail server type
ehlo localhost
If you see the lines
250-STARTTLS
and
250-AUTH
everything is fine.
Type
quit
to return to the system's shell.
第六步：
现在启动saslauthd，输入以下
/etc/init.d/saslauthd start

看看SMTP-AUTH and TLS是否正常大工作，输入以下命令
telnet localhost 25
在和你的postfix mail server建立连接之后，键入
ehlo localhost
要是你能看到以下这几行，则一切顺利
250-STARTTLS
and
250-AUTH
然后键入
qiut
回到系统大shell

[oneleaf]

也过时了，自己匆忙翻译了一篇。

http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Postfix