硬盘好慢

[teapot]

拷一个大文件
iostat情况：

avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
4.76 0.00 1.64 93.60 0.00 0.00

Device: tps MB_read/s MB_wrtn/s MB_read MB_wrtn
sda 15.33 0.50 2.50 1 7

avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
0.98 0.00 0.49 98.54 0.00 0.00

Device: tps MB_read/s MB_wrtn/s MB_read MB_wrtn
sda 17.67 0.42 3.01 1 9

CPU全部在iowait上，而且速度奇慢，写入3M/s，也太慢了吧。跟U盘有得一拼了


以下是硬盘参数：

teapot@teapot:~$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda
[sudo] password for teapot:

/dev/sda:

ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: TOSHIBA MK8034GSX
Serial Number: 17N7TB3ZT
Firmware Revision: AH301E
Standards:
Supported: 7 6 5 4
Likely used: 7
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
--
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 156301488
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 156301488
device size with M = 1024*1024: 76319 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 80026 MBytes (80 GB)
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
Advanced power management level: 254
DMA: sdma0 sdma1 sdma2 mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 *udma5
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* NOP cmd
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Advanced Power Management feature set
SET_MAX security extension
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Device Configuration Overlay feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
* General Purpose Logging feature set
* WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT
* IDLE_IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD
* SATA-I signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Host-initiated interface power management
* Phy event counters
Device-initiated interface power management
* Software settings preservation
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
frozen
not expired: security count
not supported: enhanced erase
62min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Checksum: correct

我记得以前没有这么慢，后来拿hdparm设了参数
最主要设了hdparm -B 254

各位，有什么意见？怎样提高速度？

[teapot]

这是公司的一台破电脑：ide硬盘，
[root@localhost gis]# /sbin/hdparm -tT /dev/hdc

/dev/hdc:
Timing cached reads: 1332 MB in 2.00 seconds = 664.44 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 164 MB in 3.00 seconds = 54.62 MB/sec

我的电脑，好歹也是SATA的
teapot@teapot:~$ sudo /sbin/hdparm -tT /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 1768 MB in 2.00 seconds = 884.29 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 30 MB in 3.09 seconds = 9.72 MB/sec

快晕掉了

[teapot]

又测了个：
teapot@teapot:~$ dd if=/dev/zero of=file.img bs=1k count=100000
记录了 100000+0 的读入
记录了 100000+0 的写出
102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied，0.628742 秒，163 MB/秒

这好像还是比较快的，我晕倒了！
只是做这个后，硬盘一阵狂闪，肯定在iowait上又有问题

第二次写入，好像不闪了!
teapot@teapot:~$ dd if=/dev/zero of=file.img bs=1k count=100000
记录了 100000+0 的读入
记录了 100000+0 的写出
102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied，0.601625 秒，170 MB/秒


avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
3.67 0.00 0.80 56.71 0.00 38.82

Device: tps MB_read/s MB_wrtn/s MB_read MB_wrtn
sda 11.00 0.00 4.25 0 12

[teapot]

lshw占优势，关于硬盘的信息

*-storage
description: SATA controller
product: 82801GBM/GHM (ICH7 Family) SATA AHCI Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
logical name: scsi0
version: 02
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated
configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 module=ahci
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: TOSHIBA MK8034GS
vendor: Toshiba
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: AH30
serial: 17N7TB3ZT
size: 74GiB (80GB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=6ba1a861
*-volume:0
description: EXT3 volume
vendor: Linux
physical id: 1
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1
logical name: /dev/sda1
logical name: /
logical name: /dev/.static/dev
version: 1.0
serial: 06f40f51-7848-404f-ba22-411888924930
size: 18GiB
capacity: 18GiB
capabilities: primary bootable journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files recover ext3 ext2 initialized
configuration: created=2008-05-02 19:03:43 filesystem=ext3 modified=2008-05-29 20:23:02 mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered mounted=2008-05-29 20:23:02 state=mounted
*-volume:1
description: EXT3 volume
vendor: Linux
physical id: 2
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2
logical name: /dev/sda2
logical name: /home
version: 1.0
serial: 3a7caa7f-4153-45a6-8165-00b5eff6eb34
size: 18GiB
capacity: 18GiB
capabilities: primary journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files recover ext3 ext2 initialized
configuration: created=2008-05-02 19:03:55 filesystem=ext3 modified=2008-05-29 20:23:02 mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,data=ordered mounted=2008-05-29 20:23:02 state=mounted
*-volume:2
description: Linux swap volume
physical id: 3
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3
logical name: /dev/sda3
version: 1
serial: f8abf56c-37b2-4009-8e0d-8210972ab201
size: 956MiB
capacity: 956MiB
capabilities: primary nofs swap initialized
configuration: filesystem=swap pagesize=4096
*-volume:3
description: Extended partition
physical id: 4
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,4
logical name: /dev/sda4
size: 36GiB
capacity: 36GiB
capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended
*-logicalvolume:0
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: 5
logical name: /dev/sda5
logical name: /boot
capacity: 94MiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,data=ordered state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:1
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: 6
logical name: /dev/sda6
logical name: /home/data
capacity: 36GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,data=ordered state=mounted

[teapot]

teapot@teapot:~$ lsmod | grep sata
teapot@teapot:~$ lsmod | grep ata
ata_piix 19588 0
ata_generic 8324 0
pata_acpi 8320 0
libata 159344 4 ata_piix,ata_generic,ahci,pata_acpi
scsi_mod 151436 4 sr_mod,sg,sd_mod,libata

用的是ata模块？不明白
但却实是没有sata

[billbear]

“硬盘真慢，真的，”祥林嫂抬起她没有神采的眼睛来，接着说。

[luojie-dune]

不知道啊...因为我这里一直比fastcopy快的多.

[hcym]

小文件比fastcopy快

几十几百G的大文件对拷慢不少,不知道那儿没整好

[teapot]

关于thinkpad 的 sata，有一篇文章
http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Problems_ ... _and_Linux

跟着它搞了一下，未果！
不知道，有认有解决方案，
我现在拷一个大文件，只有2M/s，等死我了。。
300M的文件拷起来，老牛拉车一样慢!

[teapot]

teapot@teapot:~$ dmesg | grep sda
[ 17.859403] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 156301488 512-byte hardware sectors (80026 MB)
[ 17.859415] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[ 17.859417] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 17.859433] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 17.859478] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 156301488 512-byte hardware sectors (80026 MB)
[ 17.859487] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[ 17.859489] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 17.859504] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 17.859508] sda:<4>Driver 'sr' needs updating - please use bus_type methods
[ 17.894067] sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 < sda5 sda6 >
[ 17.938460] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
[ 29.354548] Adding 979956k swap on /dev/sda3. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:979956k
[ 29.359769] EXT3 FS on sda1, internal journal
[ 29.743306] EXT3 FS on sda5, internal journal
[ 29.765267] EXT3 FS on sda2, internal journal
[ 29.812233] EXT3 FS on sda6, internal journal


内核启动消息，关于sda

[BigSnake.NET]

teapot@teapot:~$ lsmod | grep sata
teapot@teapot:~$ lsmod | grep ata
ata_piix 19588 0
ata_generic 8324 0
pata_acpi 8320 0
libata 159344 4 ata_piix,ata_generic,ahci,pata_acpi
scsi_mod 151436 4 sr_mod,sg,sd_mod,libata

用的是ata模块？不明白
但却实是没有sata

sata 是 ata 的一种...

可能是你的硬盘型号跟Linux不兼容吧..

[teapot]

lspci中关于SATA的信息

253 00:1f.2 IDE interface [0101]: Intel Corporation 82801GBM/GHM (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller [8086:27c4] (rev 02) (prog-if 80 [Master])
254 Subsystem: Lenovo Thinkpad T60 model 2007 [17aa:200e]
255 Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B-
256 Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR-
257 Latency: 0
258 Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 16
259 Region 0: I/O ports at 01f0
260 Region 1: I/O ports at 03f4
261 Region 2: I/O ports at 0170
262 Region 3: I/O ports at 0374
263 Region 4: I/O ports at 18b0
264 Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2
265 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold-)
266 Status: D0 PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

[teapot]

哈哈哈，终于找到原因了。。
是因为T60的风扇原因，
风扇用久了，哒哒响，清理了风扇，
硬盘就恢复了速度！

[teapot]

T60，这个破货！

[billbear]

哈哈哈，终于找到原因了。。
是因为T60的风扇原因，
风扇用久了，哒哒响，清理了风扇，
硬盘就恢复了速度！