新手学写程序的第一步是什么

[poet]

我的看法可能跟大多数人不同：

新手学写程序最重要的是掌握一种有效的文本编辑器！

如果真正能够掌握一种有效的文本编辑器，就绝对不会发出“python语法很漂亮，就是改程序的时候麻烦”这种感叹！

程序是写出来的，不是拖拉出来的，掌握键盘输入，掌握文本编辑器的高效运作方式，这才是写程序的根本。

[pxw816]

路很长阿。首先，算法与数据结构，数据库基础，操作系统原理，计算机体系结构学完了再讨论啦

[yy890521]

我的看法可能跟大多数人不同：

新手学写程序最重要的是掌握一种有效的文本编辑器！

如果真正能够掌握一种有效的文本编辑器，就绝对不会发出“python语法很漂亮，就是改程序的时候麻烦”这种感叹！

程序是写出来的，不是拖拉出来的，掌握键盘输入，掌握文本编辑器的高效运作方式，这才是写程序的根本。

我用vim写的，改py的时候删除某些东西后，对齐就会变错，必须全部调整对齐，C语言只需要改变括号

[liangliang]

从数据类型和控制语法入手吧？
然后算法、数据结构。
选一种语言。对于只是想玩玩的，就python之类的吧。简单。但是我不用python做数值计算，虽然有numpy。
然后找个开源项目，参与进去。有交流容易进步。
shell编程算不算一种语言？

[lainme]

我也不知道怎么好，不过可以说一下我学了什么。
小学到初中过渡期自学Visual Basic，但是理解力有限，没能学下去。
到了初中，喜欢上了做网页，学了Html，后来高中、大学又学了CSS和ASP。
大学因为课程学了C语言，Visual Basic和汇编。
选修课和自学了一点JAVA。
数据结构和算法总是看不下去，也就没怎么学。

个人对于C的感觉是最好的。如果C不深入的话还是挺好入门的，学的很多东西在别的语言中都能贯通。

[dieyushi]

This, of course, is the fundamental hacking skill. If you don't know any computer languages, I recommend starting with Python. It is cleanly designed, well documented, and relatively kind to beginners. Despite being a good first language, it is not just a toy; it is very powerful and flexible and well suited for large projects. I have written a more detailed evaluation of Python. Good tutorials are available at the Python web site.

I used to recommend Java as a good language to learn early, but this critique has changed my mind (search for “The Pitfalls of Java as a First Programming Language” within it). A hacker cannot, as they devastatingly put it “approach problem-solving like a plumber in a hardware store”; you have to know what the components actually do. Now I think it is probably best to learn C and Lisp first, then Java.

If you get into serious programming, you will have to learn C, the core language of Unix. C++ is very closely related to C; if you know one, learning the other will not be difficult. Neither language is a good one to try learning as your first, however. And, actually, the more you can avoid programming in C the more productive you will be.

C is very efficient, and very sparing of your machine's resources. Unfortunately, C gets that efficiency by requiring you to do a lot of low-level management of resources (like memory) by hand. All that low-level code is complex and bug-prone, and will soak up huge amounts of your time on debugging. With today's machines as powerful as they are, this is usually a bad tradeoff — it's smarter to use a language that uses the machine's time less efficiently, but your time much more efficiently. Thus, Python.

Other languages of particular importance to hackers include Perl and LISP. Perl is worth learning for practical reasons; it's very widely used for active web pages and system administration, so that even if you never write Perl you should learn to read it. Many people use Perl in the way I suggest you should use Python, to avoid C programming on jobs that don't require C's machine efficiency. You will need to be able to understand their code.

LISP is worth learning for a different reason — the profound enlightenment experience you will have when you finally get it. That experience will make you a better programmer for the rest of your days, even if you never actually use LISP itself a lot. (You can get some beginning experience with LISP fairly easily by writing and modifying editing modes for the Emacs text editor, or Script-Fu plugins for the GIMP.)

It's best, actually, to learn all five of Python, C/C++, Java, Perl, and LISP. Besides being the most important hacking languages, they represent very different approaches to programming, and each will educate you in valuable ways.

But be aware that you won't reach the skill level of a hacker or even merely a programmer simply by accumulating languages — you need to learn how to think about programming problems in a general way, independent of any one language. To be a real hacker, you need to get to the point where you can learn a new language in days by relating what's in the manual to what you already know. This means you should learn several very different languages.

I can't give complete instructions on how to learn to program here — it's a complex skill. But I can tell you that books and courses won't do it — many, maybe most of the best hackers are self-taught. You can learn language features — bits of knowledge — from books, but the mind-set that makes that knowledge into living skill can be learned only by practice and apprenticeship. What will do it is (a) reading code and (b) writing code.

Peter Norvig, who is one of Google's top hackers and the co-author of the most widely used textbook on AI, has written an excellent essay called Teach Yourself Programming in Ten Years. His "recipe for programming success" is worth careful attention.

Learning to program is like learning to write good natural language. The best way to do it is to read some stuff written by masters of the form, write some things yourself, read a lot more, write a little more, read a lot more, write some more ... and repeat until your writing begins to develop the kind of strength and economy you see in your models.

Finding good code to read used to be hard, because there were few large programs available in source for fledgeling hackers to read and tinker with. This has changed dramatically; open-source software, programming tools, and operating systems (all built by hackers) are now widely available. Which brings me neatly to our next topic...

[O_O_BOT]

我的看法可能跟大多数人不同：

新手学写程序最重要的是掌握一种有效的文本编辑器！

如果真正能够掌握一种有效的文本编辑器，就绝对不会发出“python语法很漂亮，就是改程序的时候麻烦”这种感叹！

程序是写出来的，不是拖拉出来的，掌握键盘输入，掌握文本编辑器的高效运作方式，这才是写程序的根本。

编辑器 只是使你写的不烦而已

编程主要还是学习下 如何 思考 和把思路变成程序