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[wiki]网络安装Ubuntu

发表于 : 2005-03-31 22:13
oneleaf
Installing Ubuntu on a laptop (IBM X31) without drives through netboot install.

The basic steps are explained in the Netboot Install Howto

Assumption: You're firewalled and will not expose services used for this exercise to the world. You have a reasonable (cable) network connection.

The slightly different scenario caused some adjustments, which I'd like to share here.
Scenario:

* Cablerouter acting as dhcp server and gateway to the internet (ip: 192.168.0.1)
* Linux box running debian to serve the bootimage through tftp and act as dhcp-boot server (ip: 192.168.0.2, hostname: debian)
* Laptop without drives, but with network boot option in the BIOS.

The proceeding is:

* Get aftpd: apt-get install atftpd. (The tftpd isn't able to serve the files.)
* Download the Ubuntu netboot tar file from the Ubuntu netboot archive
* Unpack into /tftpboot, which is the default for aftpd tar -xzf pxeboot.tar.gz -C /tftpboot
* a) dnsmasq: The following entry in /etc/dnsmasq.conf lets the dhcp server on linux indicate the cablerouter as default route for packets to the internet:dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0,debian,192.168.0.2 dhcp-option=3,192.168.0.1 Run dnsmasq.
* b) dhcpd: The debian machine runs its own dns server (dhcpd) with the follow configuration (/etc/dhcpd.conf):

host x31 { hardware ethernet <MAC address of laptop>; fixed-address <some unused IP for laptop>; filename "/tftpboot/pxelinux.0"; option routers 192.168.0.1; } Run dhcpd.

* Pressing the Access IBM button at boot time lets one enter the BIOS to do a netboot without floppies.
* Check the log files to see what's happening, since netboot is not very verbose: tail -f /var/log/daemon.log

... marvel as Ubuntu is installed over the net.

http://www.ubuntulinux.org/support/docu ... 2137127791

在没有驱动的情况下通过网络安装Ubuntu到笔记本电脑(IBM X31)

发表于 : 2005-04-07 20:10
ct
在没有驱动的情况下通过网络安装Ubuntu到笔记本电脑(IBM X31)

这是一篇关于通过网络安装Ubuntu的HOWTO

假设:你的防火墙没有什么问题而且你有合适的网络链接(废话就简单说了)

这里是我的操作环境,可能和你的会有一些细节上的差异:

1、Cable路由器激活了DHCP服务器(自动分配IP地址)而且是通过网关连接到internet(IP地址:192.168.0.1)
2、一台安装有debian的linux机器,通过tftp提供启动镜像(bootimage)的DHCP-BOOT服务器。(IP:192,168.0.2,主机名:debian)
3、笔记本电脑没有驱动,但是在BIOS里开启了网络启动(netboot)选项。

步骤:

1、获取aftpd:apt-get install atftpd。
2、从Ubuntu的网络启动存档处下载Ubuntu网络启动的tar文件。
3、运行tar -xzf pxeboot.tar.gz -C/tftpboot把aftpd的tar文件释放到 /tftpboot目录。
a)dnsmasq: 设置 /etc/dnsmasq.conf文件使运行dhcp服务的debian linux把那台cable路由器设为默认访问internet的路由器:dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0,debian,192.168.0.2 dhcp-option=3,192.168.0.1 运行dnsmasq使设置生效。
b)dhcpd:debian机器按照上面的设置(/etc/dhcpd.conf)运行自己的dns服务器(dhcpd)

host x31 { hardware ethernet <X31的MAC地址>; fixed-address <分一个未用的私有IP给X31>; filename "/tftpboot/pxelinux.0"; option routers 192.168.0.1; } Run dhcpd.运行dhcpd。

4、开机进入IBM X31的BIOS设置把启动选项设成netboot。
5、如果网络启动有问题请检查log日志文件监视安装情况:tail -f/var/log/daemon.log

...于是乎Ubuntu奇迹般的通过网络安装起来了。

(我随便翻翻,用的到的就凑合看看吧,^@^ -----by ctqucl)


:roll: :roll: :roll: :roll: :roll:

发表于 : 2006-01-31 13:56
xautofzx
这恐怕需要网卡支持PXE吧。

发表于 : 2006-01-31 21:50
雅雅
网络安装!!!!太可怕了。我以前装4.1用了12个小时。 :oops:

发表于 : 2006-07-26 9:13
vionna
请问一下 pxeboot.tar.gz 从什么地方下载的,我怎么一直找不到?

网卡已经得到IP了,可是连接到TFTP时候,总是提示文件不存在,郁闷.....

我是在网上下的netboot.tar.gz,tar到tftpboot目录下的,为什么不对呢?

发表于 : 2006-07-26 11:28
vionna
搞定了....还是tftp的问题,需要aftpd才可以获得引导文件。

netboot.tar.gz 没错的说。

发表于 : 2006-07-28 23:26
millenniumdark