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升级过程记录。
15日从Feisty升级到Gutsy RC。
升级前有点冲动，因为第二天不上班，加上前一天被灌得烂醉，所以头脑不太清醒，所以就升级了。

1.升级命令

Alt+F2
运行update-manager -d
在更新管理器中出现升级7.10的选项，按确定。
中间有点后悔，按下取消，没用了。

2.升级过程

按照步骤执行升级（我的机器下载了1.2G -_-!)，很无聊，没什么可说的。打开电影，看着看着困了，就去睡觉。

3.升级完毕。

睡醒以后发现下载完毕，开始自动配置升级，升级完毕后提示重新启动。

4.重新启动

之后发现grub菜单默认进入的是核心版本较低的recovery，原因是我的/boot/grub/menu.lst文件手动更改过，将default设置为3了，Gutsy升级后，没有对应改动该文件。

5.解决启动顺序问题

进入系统，打开终端，键入

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

修改default 3 为default 0

6.查看系统。发现一些细微变化，对比新功能列表稍微查看了一下，没有什么太新的东西。
$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
第三方源全部被注释了。


7.出现了如下问题：
a.字体恢复为宋体，原来配置的微软雅黑字体有点难看。
b.屏幕向左偏移了大概一厘米，很碍事（已解决，见后）
c.CF不能打开。
d.文字的渲染在液晶屏幕上似乎无效了。

8.解决屏幕偏移问题

打开“著名”的系统－系统管理－screens and graphics，发现显卡和显示器已经被精确识别(Q965和HPL1706)。
刷新率为75Hz，无法调整，组合框内只有一个选项，也就是75Hz。

重新选择显卡和显示器，导致屏幕分辨率被破坏，重启之后反而进入了640*480的恐龙界面。

回到老方法，编辑xorg.conf。

显示器虽然侦测出来了，在选单中却没有对应的型号，选了一个相近的L1702，结果X黑掉了。

发现，原来只有在做破坏性操作的时候，gutsy的新特性才会出来
——在无法启动X的时候它会弹出一个特别丑陋的界面（丑陋是因为分辨率和字体api不匹配），那里可以让我直接选显示器和显卡。
这个算是一个改进吧。

a.在终端运行
gtf 1280 1024 60
得到modeline一行，Ctrl+shift+C复制。
b.在终端运行
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
打开之后，找到modeline，将刚才复制的文字替换一下。
c.Ctrl+Alt+Backspace, 重新启动X，正常。

9.试验挂起功能（7.04中就不灵），退出菜单中选择挂起，成功挂起
按下任意键唤醒，醒是醒了，却无法进入X，屏幕就一个光标挂着，孤零零地闪烁在无尽的黑色宇宙中。。。
不想重新启动浪费时间，所以kill掉X重新进入算了。

按下Ctrl+alt+f2，进入终端登录
ps -A!grep gdm //找到gdm的PID
sudo kill [gdm的id] //杀死gdm
startx
回到桌面。

sigh～


10.字体问题
有些字体的渲染不好看，就好像没渲染，有些程序则渲染的很好，跟过去一样。
难道Gutsy把界面上的渲染去掉了？
也许是Ubuntu开发者也认为Feisty的不够理想？

11.pidgin的MSN不可用了。
原因不明，难道是autoremove的时候误删了SSL库？
一度想改用amsn，不好看。
卸载后安装，还是缺SSL。
重新从pidgin.im下载，先解压然后
./configure
make
sudo make install
重新启动pidgin，好了。

说的轻巧，花了很长时间才发现不重新编译不行。早知道早就重新编译了。make install的时候第一次竟然忘记了sudo，哀。

12.解决Compiz-Fusion问题
应该不是显卡或者显示器的问题，判断论据如下：
a. glxinfo显示rendering yes
b. 依赖composition的程序（如桌面时钟可以正常打开显示）
c. x.264高清电影可以正常播放
a.卸载系统原有的beryl(一直没卸载是以为Gutsy会帮我办这件事情)
sudo apt-get remove beryl*
sudo apt-get autoremove
b.重新启动X
CF效果还是打不开。


总而言之，觉得还是不升级得好。这次升级本来是想看看Ubuntu的升级是否能够达到平滑升级的程度，结果还是要配置半天。也许正式版不是这样？只有3天了，我估计还是不行。
升级后出现的问题比想象中的少，不过都有点出乎意料。

几个遗留问题：
1. Gutsy的升级有没有卷回？旧内核已经被升级程序删除了。
2. 字体就是这样，还是我没有配置好？
3. 挂起和休眠难道只能依赖人品不成。。电源管理技术已经很成熟了啊。。。标准也是通用的，不存在平台差异的问题吧。
4.终端中著名的zhcon死机问题仍然存在。我觉得咱们不能总靠zhcon --drv=vga --utf8或者是grub的menu.lst里面加vga=791来解决问题啊。。。这简直是个陷阱。。。
5.CF问题。

fei-HP:~$ compiz
Checking for Xgl: not present.
Blacklisted PCIID '8086:2992' found
aborting and using fallback: /usr/bin/metacity
窗口管理器警告： 在配置数据库中找到的“”不是按键组合“toggle_shaded”的有效值

终于找到原因了：

http://www.realistanew.com/2007/09/23/c ... tu-update/
Compiz in Ubuntu Update
Filed under: Compiz, Ubuntu

Rather than reply to the comments left on my last post I’ve decided to write this so more people will see the answers.

First of all, my source of info is me. I’m on the compiz team in Ubuntu.

We’ve fixed the Intel driver so compiz+video works there unless you have a 965 (x3000 or x3100). If you have one of those compiz will refuse to start now. That is actually how we are dealing with most of the driver and/or hardware problems right now. We’re just blacklisting cards that have been known to have problems.

So, you shouldn’t have to worry about what happens when compiz isn’t supported on your card or doesn’t work right. In that case you’ll just get metacity. It’s not the greatest solution but it’s what we have to work with until proper fixes are done in the drivers.

The only hardware known to work with compiz is newer (2000 or later) ATI, Intel (other than 965), and nVidia. It might work on others if you use Xgl but those are the main ones. I doubt it’ll ever work on Via stuff, the driver situation there seems pretty bad.

On the other hand, we’ve done a lot of work over the past few weeks to get things working. Java apps, for example, should work now. We closed about 60 bugs in a week. Most of them were little annoyances, some were worse. A particularly bad one that is now fixed is gnome-screensaver not being able to lock the screen properly when compiz is running. I think we fixed the screen redraw issues after xrandr rotation but I’m not sure as my hardware does not support xrandr.

Another good thing, nVidia released the 100.14.19 driver which finally fixes the out-of-memory problems with texture_from_pixmap (black windows). Seems to also fix the problems with black screens after VT switch. All around it’s a pretty solid driver. We’ve also fixed the bug in Xorg that made nvidia+compiz+3d app crash the X server. nVidia should be working great now so long as your card is supported by the 100.14.19 driver.

Finally, Kubuntu will not be using Compiz. They are waiting for KDE4 which will have its own compiz-like compositor in kwin.

I hope this clears everything up.

Posted on September 23, 2007 |

人家在后面的回复中还说至少得两个月才可能解决。

解决方案如下：
http://blog.smylie.co.nz/28/gutsy-gibbo ... blacklist/

I mentioned the other day about the issues I had running compiz with the intel i965 video chipset in gutsy - basically you can’t because the i965 is blacklisted. (You’ll get an error, “Blacklisted PCIID ‘8086:2a02′ found” if you try.)

The reason it’s blacklisted turns out to be because video doesn’t work properly with compiz enabled. Totem (or mplayer) will crash with a ” ‘BadAlloc (insufficient resources for operation)’ ”
error.

You can “fix” this error by changing the output from XV to GL (or GL2). It works but it’s not pretty - the picture is overlayed and not composited, so it flickers and compiz effects don’t affect it. (If you try and spin the desktop cube, the picture just stays stubbornly right where it is - not cool when you are trying to impress people with your compiz bling!) It’s also not accelerated so it’s a lot more cpu intensive than it needs to be.

The Compiz team decided to “fix” this, by black listing it. (Fair enough too if they are the people that have to support it). The real fix according to the CompizTeam at wiki.ubuntu.org, is to use exa - a new xorg acceleration architecture. Its still in development (read “unstable”), but I’ve had no issues running it so far. According to this the i965 is fully supported, so enabling it is not hard - it’s already included with Gutsy, so all you need to do is add:

Option "AccelMethod" "exa"

in your cards device section in /etc/X11/xorg.conf. Remember to take a back up first folks and don’t restart just yet!

When you restart X and try and load compiz, you’ll find gdm will instantly crash, taking your entire session with it. It seems to do this regardless of what options are, or are not, supplied.

There’s a bug registered with launchpad for this exact issue and the fix is again quite simple. The clever person submitting the bug managed to work out it was a particular xorg patch for a completely (or at least mostly) unrelated problem, and he’s kindly produced a .deb that fixes the problem. To install this, you need to do it from the command line:

dgs@dgs-laptop:~/Desktop$ dpkg -i xserver-xorg-core_1.3.0.0.dfsg-6ubuntu2_i386.deb

Restart now and you should find that compiz will work:

dgs@dgs-laptop:~/Desktop$ compiz --replace

It’s seems to run pretty good - no excessive slow downs, and most importantly, my video playback is not all messed up =)

portage包管理方式的系统在平滑升级上有很大的优势

我从5.10一直升级过来到7.04的了
pidgin？？你为什么要自己编译？？7.10里面pidgin就是默认的了啊，7.04下面要编译的，可是你不会在7.04下面编译的时候，prefix都没改，直接装/usr下面了吧，那真的很哀。。。

看来升级前要把cf先卸了，还有些配置文件也要备份，特别是menu.lst。

个人感觉，升级下载安装1G东东然后再配置，未必比全新安装省多少时间。
过两天试试升级，纯粹为了升级而升级

猛将兄 写了：我从5.10一直升级过来到7.04的了
pidgin？？你为什么要自己编译？？7.10里面pidgin就是默认的了啊，7.04下面要编译的，可是你不会在7.04下面编译的时候，prefix都没改，直接装/usr下面了吧，那真的很哀。。。

确实是装在/usr下面，之所以如此是因为这个Ubuntu只有我用，也只有一个用户，而且硬盘空间只有30G，所以不做生产力系统，而只是小白鼠的笼子罢了。

即使如此，按说升级也不该导致pidgin的MSN出问题，也许是我删除了不该删除的东西？不过我所有的删除和更新都是apt的阿。反正能解决就行了。

现在不爽的1是cf，2是vmware player。看来用户在进行ubuntu升级时对第三方软件还是应该多考虑考虑。

vmware player现在有这样的问题：

rpm -ivh VMware-player-2.0.1-55017.i386.rpm
error: 打开 VMware-player-2.0.1-55017.i386.rpm 失败：No such file or directory

／bin/sh是存在并且正常的。
我是不是又要编译了。。。

ofewiofewo 写了：看来升级前要把cf先卸了，还有些配置文件也要备份，特别是menu.lst。

个人感觉，升级下载安装1G东东然后再配置，未必比全新安装省多少时间。
过两天试试升级，纯粹为了升级而升级

呵呵，我这个是特例，因为我要讲课的关系，所以安装的桌面和软件比较多，方便评估。比如Gnome , kde, fvwm fvwm crystal, xfce等等，每个桌面下面都会对应一大堆的软件。我估计默认系统升级的话，一般情况下最多也就下载500M吧。

确实一点儿都不省时间，不过很省事：那些定式一样的配置过程没有什么意思，所以我觉得如果对配置很熟练的话还不如睡觉前让Ubuntu自己去完成一切，睡醒之后直接用好了。

cf把配置文件删了就可以了
字体我觉得好看的很,wen quan yi 宋体和正黑

leeaman 写了：cf把配置文件删了就可以了
字体我觉得好看的很,wen quan yi 宋体和正黑

删配置文件？哪一个？

这个Blacklist是Ubuntu Compiz Team列的哦。。恐怕不行的吧？

我的升级了也是开不了，删了~/.gconf and .gconfd就好了

你的是965系列的吗？

nv5200，估计应该可以试试看

谢谢。
我估计不行，因为Intel的只有965被Ubuntu 的compiz team列入黑名单了。

我估计得全部卸载cf，然后从cf网站下载源码编译安装了。