安装指南 - i386

[oneleaf]

This document describes how to install Ubuntu 4.10 "Warty Warthog" for the Intel x86 ("i386"). It is a quick walkthrough of the installation process which should contain all the information you will need for most installs.

This How To is free; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License.

Booting the installer

Download this CD image and burn it to a CD:

i386


To boot the CD, you may need to enter your BIOS configuration menu and configure the list of boot devices to include the CD-ROM drive.

A netboot install is also available, but for now it is outside the scope of this document.

* Once the installer starts, you will be greeted with an initial splash screen.
* Press Enter to boot, or use the function keys to read the instructions for other boot methods and parameters. If you have problems booting the installer, these instructions document a number of workarounds that may be useful depending on your hardware.

First stage of installation

After a few moments, you will be asked to select your language.

* Use the arrow keys to pick a language and press Enter to continue.

* Next you'll be asked to select a country, with the choices including countries where your language is spoken. If it's not on the short list, choose "other" to see a list of all the countries in the world.

* Now sit back while the installer detects some of your hardware, and loads the rest of itself from the CD.

* Next the installer will try to detect your network hardware and set up networking by DHCP. If you are not on a network or do not have DHCP, you will be given the opportunity to configure the network manually.

Partition your disks

* First you will be given the opportunity to erase and automatically partition an entire disk. This is recommended for new users, but if you have any valuable data on the disk, be sure to back it up first, as it will be erased!

* If you do not want to erase an entire disk, or if you want to customize the partition layout, choose "Manually edit partition table" from the menu, and the next screen will show you your partition table, how the partitions will be formatted, and where they will be mounted.
* Select a partition to modify or delete it. Remember to assign at least one partition for swap space and to mount a partition on /. Choose "Finish partitioning and write changes to disk" when you are finished.

* After confirmation, the installer formats your partitions and starts to install the base system, which can take a while. That is followed by installing a kernel, then by copying the remainder of the packages on the CD to your hard disk so that you no longer need the CD.

Install a boot loader

* If the installer detects other operating systems on your computer, it will add them to the boot menu.

* The installer will now tell you that the first stage has finished.
* Remove the CD and hit Enter to reboot your machine. It should boot up into the second stage of the installation process.


Second stage of installation

After rebooting, you will be prompted to complete the configuration of your basic system.

* Following a welcome screen, you will be prompted to configure your time zone. Depending on the location selected at the beginning of the installation process, you will be shown either a single timezone or a list of timezones relevant for that location. If a single timezone is shown, choose Yes to confirm or choose No to select from the full list of timezones. If a list is shown, select your timezone from the list, or select "other" for the full list.

User account

* Enter your full name, then choose a username for the user account; generally your first name or something similar will suffice and indeed will be the default.
* Finally, choose a password. Note that the administrative "root" account is disabled; you may access it using the "sudo" program from the user account you create at this point. If you wish to set the root password, run "sudo passwd root" from a terminal.

* If your system is not connected to a network, you will be given the opportunity to set up PPP, which allows you to connect to a dial-up Internet provider.

* After this, a set of packages suitable for ordinary desktop use will be automatically installed. In the process, depending on your graphics card and monitor, one or two questions may be asked about the kind of graphics card you have and the screen resolution you would like to use.

* Go and get something to drink while the messages about package installation scroll by. When they finish, a graphical login screen will appear.
* Type the username you selected earlier, followed by the password for the user account, and the Ubuntu desktop will appear.


Enjoy using Ubuntu, and share it with your friends!


Copyright (c) 2004, the Debian Installer team
Copyright (c) 2004, Canonical Ltd.

http://www.ubuntulinux.org/support/docu ... ation-i386

[沙子]

这个文档是描述怎样在Intel x86 ("i386")安装Ubuntu 4.10 "Warty Warthog". 在这里你可以迅速查到在大多数安装过程中你可能会用到的各种信息.

这个How To是自由的; 你可以在GNU协议下再次重新分配（redistribute）或者修改本文.


启动安装进程

下载i386的CD镜像再刻录到CD上




为了从CD启动，你需要进入BIOS配置菜单并配置启动设备使用CD-ROM。从网络启动安装也是可以的，但这不在本文档的描述范围。

* 在安装过程启动时，你会看到一个最初的飞溅屏幕
* 按ENTER键继续启动，或者按功能键去读启动方法和参数的指令。如果你在启动安装的过程中有问题，根据你的硬件看看这些指令文档可能会对你有用。

安装的第一步

过了一会后，会要求你选择语言
* 用方向健选择语言，按ENTER继续。
* 然后会要求选择国家或地区，这里只会包含讲这种语言的国家或地区。如果在扼要的列表里找不到你要的，按"other"可以看到世界上所有的国家和地区。
* 现在你可以坐好等候安装过程检测你的部分硬件以及从CD装载剩余部分。
* 然后安装过程会试着检测你的网络硬件设备并用DHCP配置网络。如果你的网络不支持DHCP，会让你手工配置网络环境。

硬盘分区
* 开始会让你删除并自动分区整个硬盘。这是对新手的推荐，但如果你在硬盘上有重要的数据，确信你已经备份了，因为它会删除数据的！
* 如果你不想删除整个硬盘或者你想自定义分区，在菜单上选择"Manually edit partition table"，在下一个屏幕上会显示你现在的分区表，以及分区是不是会格式化和在什么地方挂载。
* 选择一个你想修改的或者删除的分区。记住至少配置一个交换分区和一个根/分区。结束时选择"Finish partitioning and write changes to disk"。
* 确认后，安装进程会格式化你的分区开始安装基本系统，这会花一段时间。再接着是安装核心组件，最后是从CD拷贝剩余的包，这样你就不再你的光盘。

安装启动菜单
* 如果安装进程检测到你的计算机里还有其它的操作系统，它会把它们加入引导菜单。
* 接着安装进程会告诉你第一步操作完成。
* 取出光盘再按ENTER键重启机器。它会自动走入安装过程的第二步。


安装的第二步

重启后会提示你完成基本系统的配置。

* 在看到欢迎界面后，会提示你配置时区。根据第一步安装中选择的地区，会显示一个或几个和地区有关的时区，如果是一个时区选择Yes确认或者选择No从完全的时区列表里选择。如果是几个时区，那选择一个时区或者选择"other"从完全的时区列表里选择。

用户帐号
* 输入你的全称，然后为用户帐号输入一个用户名；一般用户名默认是你的first name或者类似的东西。
* 最后，输入密码。备注管理员"root"帐号是隐藏的；你可以在你现在配置的用户帐号下用"sudo"的方式操作。如果你想设置root密码可以在终端下运行"sudo passwd root"。
* 如果你的系统没有连接到网络，会让你配置PPP，通过它你可以拨号上网。
* 在这之后，一些通常桌面应用要用到的包会自动安装上去。在这个过程中，根据你的显卡和显示器，会问你用的什么显卡和你要用的显示器分辨率等一到二个问题。
* 在安装包信息在屏幕上滚动时，你可以去喝些饮料了。当它结束时会出现一个图形化的登录界面。
* 输入你起先的用户名，然后输入对应的密码，马上就会出现Ubuntu的桌面。

享受Ubuntu，和你的朋友一起分享！

Copyright (c) 2004, the Debian Installer team
Copyright (c) 2004, Canonical Ltd.

[millenniumdark]

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