[翻译]Governance

[oneleaf]

来源： http://www.ubuntu.org.cn/community/ubun ... overnance/


Governance

The Ubuntu community includes several structures to help it function effectively. Participation in every structure is open to members of the community.

Ubuntu has a structure of community governance that aims to:

1. ensure a process is defined that allows people to contribute to decisions regarding the Ubuntu community and distribution,
2. ensure that decisions regarding the Ubuntu distribution and community are taken in a fair and transparent fashion,
3. ensure that necessary decisions are actually taken, even when there is no clear consensus amongst the community.

Ubuntu teams

There are a number of key teams that are responsible for different areas of Ubuntu (for example: marketing, documentation, kernel, servers, laptops, translation).

If you have a particular interest in a specific aspect of the project, please join that team's discussions and contribute to their decisions. Examples include teams focused on laptop usage of Ubuntu, the Ubuntu desktop look and feel, Ubuntu for servers, ports to AMD64, PowerPC and IA64 platforms, release management and the installer. If you would like to set up a new team, please gather some like-minded people and propose for consideration by the Community Council.

Local Community Teams (LoCo Teams)

A major part of the fabric of the community is the LoCo team structure. LoCo teams work with local Linux User Groups (LUG's), schools, municipalities and even national governments to open people's eyes to the world of Free Software.

A good LoCo team gathers free software lovers regularly for beer, open discussion, talks, marketing events, installfests and to recognise the achievements of local free software contributors. We provide server hosting space for LoCo websites, wiki's, mailing lists and other resources. LoCo members visit conferences to speak (or protest :-)), to hand out CD's, to teach, or debate and to represent both Ubuntu and the free software movement.

The LoCo team action happens mostly in the wiki, see the LoCoTeams page for more information.

Technical Board

The Ubuntu Technical Board is responsible for the technical direction that Ubuntu takes. The Technical Board is responsible for decisions over package selection, packaging policy, installation system and process, toolchain, kernel, X server, library versions and dependencies. The Technical Board works with the relevant Team when taking such a decision, trying to find consensus with the team members responsible for the implementation of the decision.

The Technical Board is responsible for several key policy documents and standards, and is required to sign off on a complete set of these for each release of Ubuntu.

The Technical Board meets every two weeks on IRC (usually on a Tuesday, alternating with the Community Council). You can propose an item for discussion by the Technical Board by putting it on the Technical Board Agenda on the Ubuntu Wiki.

Ubuntu Community Council

The social structures and community processes of Ubuntu are supervised by the Ubuntu Community Council. It is the Community Council that approves the creation of a new Team or Project, and appointment of team leaders. In addition, the Community Council is the body responsible for the Code of Conduct and tasked with ensuring that maintainers and other community members follow its guidelines.

The Community Council is the custodian of the Code of Conduct and is responsible for dispute resolution, should it be required. For example, in the past, we have helped to resolve conflicts in LoCo teams and in the Ubuntu Forums, both very important parts of the community.

The Community Council meets every two weeks on IRC, you can propose an item for discussion at a Council meeting by placing it on the Community Council Agenda page on the Ubuntu Wiki.

SABDFL

This is not a democracy, it's a meritocracy. We try to operate more on consensus than on votes, seeking agreement from the people who will have to do the work. Mark Shuttleworth, as SABDFL, plays a happily undemocratic role as sponsor of the project. He has the ability, with regard to Canonical employees, to ask people to work on specific projects, specific feature goals, and specific bugs.

He also has a casting vote on the Technical Board and Community Council, should it come to a vote. This capacity is not used lightly. The community functions best when it can reach broad consensus about a way forward. However, it is not uncommon in the open source world for there to be multiple good arguments, no clear consensus, and for arguments to divide communities rather than enrich them. The argument absorbs the energy that might otherwise have gone towards the creation of a solution. In many cases, there is no one "right" answer, and what is needed is a decision more than a debate. SABDFL acts to provide clear leadership on difficult issues, and set the pace for the project.

It is understood that the divisive use of SABDFL's authority could weaken the project. For that reason the authority is used carefully, in the hope that it will create momentum in the best direction for the project, breaking stalemates where otherwise competing views would fail to reach consensus.

[bones7456]

回了再看~

[Capt.]

Governance

The Ubuntu community includes several structures to help it function effectively. Participation in every structure is open to members of the community.

管理
Ubuntu社区囊括许多机构来实现其自身功能的高效运作. 参与每一个机构都是对社区成员开放的.

Ubuntu has a structure of community governance that aims to:

Ubuntu的社区管理致力于:

1. ensure a process is defined that allows people to contribute to decisions regarding the Ubuntu community and distribution,
2. ensure that decisions regarding the Ubuntu distribution and community are taken in a fair and transparent fashion,
3. ensure that necessary decisions are actually taken, even when there is no clear consensus amongst the community.

1、确保进程明确从而保证人们遵守Ubuntu社区及发行的决定。
2、确保关于Ubuntu发行及社区的决定被公平透明的接受。
3、确保必要的决定被实质性的接受，哪怕在社区中没有明确的共识。

Ubuntu teams

Ubuntu团队

There are a number of key teams that are responsible for different areas of Ubuntu (for example: marketing, documentation, kernel, servers, laptops, translation).

许多关键的团队在Ubuntu各不同领域里担当重任。（例如：营销、文档、内核、服务器事务、笔记本事务、翻译）

If you have a particular interest in a specific aspect of the project, please join that team's discussions and contribute to their decisions. Examples include teams focused on laptop usage of Ubuntu, the Ubuntu desktop look and feel, Ubuntu for servers, ports to AMD64, PowerPC and IA64 platforms, release management and the installer. If you would like to set up a new team, please gather some like-minded people and propose for consideration by the Community Council.

如果你于方案的某方面有特殊兴趣，请加入那些团队的讨论并遵从他们的决定。举例包括如下致力于Ubuntu在笔记本上的使用，Ubuntu在桌面的视觉和感受，为服务器提供的Ubuntu，AMD64接口，PowerPC和IA64平台，发表管理和安装程序等的团队。如果你想创建新的团队，请召集多名志趣相投者并通过社区委员会提交相关条款。

Local Community Teams (LoCo Teams)
本地化社区团队（LoCo Teams）

A major part of the fabric of the community is the LoCo team structure. LoCo teams work with local Linux User Groups (LUG's), schools, municipalities and even national governments to open people's eyes to the world of Free Software.
社区结构的一个重要组成部分就是本地化团队组织。本地化团队组织携手本地Linux用户团体（LUG's）、学校、当局甚至地方政府来使人们放眼于自由软件世界。

A good LoCo team gathers free software lovers regularly for beer, open discussion, talks, marketing events, installfests and to recognise the achievements of local free software contributors. We provide server hosting space for LoCo websites, wiki's, mailing lists and other resources. LoCo members visit conferences to speak (or protest ), to hand out CD's, to teach, or debate and to represent both Ubuntu and the free software movement.
一个优秀的本地化团队会通过举行啤酒会、公开讨论、闲谈、营销活动、installfests及表彰本地自由软件赞助人的成就来召集自由软件爱好者。 我们为本地化主页、wiki's、邮件表和其他资源提供服务器空间。本地化成员参与会议来发言（当然也可以是反对意见 ）、分享CD、教授、辩论、阐述Ubuntu及自由软件的动态。

The LoCo team action happens mostly in the wiki, see the LoCoTeams page for more information.
本地化团队的活动大多在wiki举办，参见本地化团队主页以获取更多信息。

Technical Board
技术板块

The Ubuntu Technical Board is responsible for the technical direction that Ubuntu takes. The Technical Board is responsible for decisions over package selection, packaging policy, installation system and process, toolchain, kernel, X server, library versions and dependencies. The Technical Board works with the relevant Team when taking such a decision, trying to find consensus with the team members responsible for the implementation of the decision.
Ubuntu技术板块为Ubuntu的技术领域负责。技术板块负责的领域涵盖软件包选择、制定策略、系统设置和进程、toolchain、内核、X server、版本库以及附件。技术板块当制定上述决策将携手相关团队、尝试寻求团队成员的共识以确保相关决策的实施。

The Technical Board is responsible for several key policy documents and standards, and is required to sign off on a complete set of these for each release of Ubuntu.
技术板块负责制定许多关键政策文件及标准，并且为每份发布的Ubuntu签署完整的上述文件。

The Technical Board meets every two weeks on IRC (usually on a Tuesday, alternating with the Community Council). You can propose an item for discussion by the Technical Board by putting it on the Technical Board Agenda on the Ubuntu Wiki.
技术板块每两周在IRC会见一次（通常在星期二，与社区委员会交流）。您可将提案发表至Ubuntu Wiki的技术板块备忘录从而通过技术板块进行讨论。

[Capt.]

Ubuntu Community Council
Ubuntu社区委员会

The social structures and community processes of Ubuntu are supervised by the Ubuntu Community Council. It is the Community Council that approves the creation of a new Team or Project, and appointment of team leaders. In addition, the Community Council is the body responsible for the Code of Conduct and tasked with ensuring that maintainers and other community members follow its guidelines.

Ubuntu的社会性机构和社区流程受到Ubuntu社区委员会的监督。 社区委员会负责新的团队或工程的建立以及团队领导人的任命。此外， 社区委员会是行为准则和确保开发者及其他社区成员遵守其指导方针的责任主体 。

The Community Council is the custodian of the Code of Conduct and is responsible for dispute resolution, should it be required. For example, in the past, we have helped to resolve conflicts in LoCo teams and in the Ubuntu Forums, both very important parts of the community.

社区委员会作为行为准则管理者的同时，在有必要的情况下有责任调解纠纷。例如，过去，我们曾解决了本地化团队和Ubuntu论坛的冲突，而二者都是社区的重要组成部分。

The Community Council meets every two weeks on IRC, you can propose an item for discussion at a Council meeting by placing it on the Community Council Agenda page on the Ubuntu Wiki.

社区委员会每两周于IRC会见一次，您可将提案发表至Ubuntu Wiki上的社区委员会备忘录进行讨论。

[牛奶夹心饼]

翻译得不错啊！

[Lavande]

呵呵,今天来晚了,努力翻译中,估计今晚能搞定

[cnkilior]

很好的翻译形式！

[Lavande]

Governance

The Ubuntu community includes several structures to help it function effectively. Participation in every structure is open to members of the community.

管理
Ubuntu社区包括若干机构使其能有效运作，每一个机构的参与都是对社区成员开放的.

Ubuntu has a structure of community governance that aims to:
Ubuntu的社区管理机构致力于：

1. ensure a process is defined that allows people to contribute to decisions regarding the Ubuntu community and distribution,
2. ensure that decisions regarding the Ubuntu distribution and community are taken in a fair and transparent fashion,
3. ensure that necessary decisions are actually taken, even when there is no clear consensus amongst the community.
1、确保允许人们献策于Ubuntu社区及其发行的每一步进程。
2、确保关于Ubuntu发行及社区的决定被公平且透明地接受。
3、确保必要的决定被实质性地接受，即使在社区中没有明确的共识。

Ubuntu teams

Ubuntu团队

There are a number of key teams that are responsible for different areas of Ubuntu (for example: marketing, documentation, kernel, servers, laptops, translation).
有许多关键的团队负责Ubuntu各个不同的领域。（例如：营销、文档、内核、服务器、笔记本电脑、翻译）。

If you have a particular interest in a specific aspect of the project, please join that team's discussions and contribute to their decisions. Examples include teams focused on laptop usage of Ubuntu, the Ubuntu desktop look and feel, Ubuntu for servers, ports to AMD64, PowerPC and IA64 platforms, release management and the installer. If you would like to set up a new team, please gather some like-minded people and propose for consideration by the Community Council.
如果你对一项工程的某个方面有特别的兴趣，请加入那些团队的讨论并为他们献策。例如一些团队致力于Ubuntu在笔记本上的使用，Ubuntu桌面的视觉感受，为服务器提供的Ubuntu，AMD64、PowerPC和IA64平台接口以及发行管理和安装程序。如果你想创建新的团队，请召集一些志趣相投者并向社区委员会提议。

Local Community Teams (LoCo Teams)
本地化社区团队（LoCo Teams）

A major part of the fabric of the community is the LoCo team structure. LoCo teams work with local Linux User Groups (LUG's), schools, municipalities and even national governments to open people's eyes to the world of Free Software.
社区结构的一个重要组成部分就是本地化团队。本地化团队组织携手本地Linux用户团体（LUG's）、学校、市政当局甚至地方政府来使人们放眼于自由软件世界。

A good LoCo team gathers free software lovers regularly for beer, open discussion, talks, marketing events, installfests and to recognise the achievements of local free software contributors. We provide server hosting space for LoCo websites, wiki's, mailing lists and other resources. LoCo members visit conferences to speak (or protest :-)), to hand out CD's, to teach, or debate and to represent both Ubuntu and the free software movement.
一个优秀的本地化团队经常聚集自由软件爱好者一起喝啤酒、公开讨论、聊天、营销、庆祝安装以及表彰本地自由软件贡献者的成就。 我们为本地化网站、wiki's、邮件列表及其它资源提供服务器空间。本地化成员参与会议来发言（或是反对 :-)）、分享CD、教授、辩论、阐述Ubuntu及自由软件的动态。

The LoCo team action happens mostly in the wiki, see the LoCoTeams page for more information.
本地化团队的活动多见于wiki，参见本地化团队页面以获取更多信息。

Technical Board
技术委员会

The Ubuntu Technical Board is responsible for the technical direction that Ubuntu takes. The Technical Board is responsible for decisions over package selection, packaging policy, installation system and process, toolchain, kernel, X server, library versions and dependencies. The Technical Board works with the relevant Team when taking such a decision, trying to find consensus with the team members responsible for the implementation of the decision.
Ubuntu技术委员会负责Ubuntu的技术方向。技术委员会负责决定软件包选择、打包策略、安装系统和进程、工具链、内核、X server、库的版本以及依赖关系。当技术委员会制定上述决策时，将携手相关团队并试图与负责落实这些决策的团队成员达成共识。

The Technical Board is responsible for several key policy documents and standards, and is required to sign off on a complete set of these for each release of Ubuntu.
技术委员会负责制定若干关键政策的文件及标准，并且被要求为每个Ubuntu发行版签署完整的上述文件和标准。

The Technical Board meets every two weeks on IRC (usually on a Tuesday, alternating with the Community Council). You can propose an item for discussion by the Technical Board by putting it on the Technical Board Agenda on the Ubuntu Wiki.
技术委员会每两周在IRC开一次会（通常在星期二，与社区委员会轮替）。您可以在Ubuntu Wiki上向技术委员会议程表提交论题。


Ubuntu Community Council
Ubuntu社区委员会

The social structures and community processes of Ubuntu are supervised by the Ubuntu Community Council. It is the Community Council that approves the creation of a new Team or Project, and appointment of team leaders. In addition, the Community Council is the body responsible for the Code of Conduct and tasked with ensuring that maintainers and other community members follow its guidelines.
Ubuntu社区委员会监督Ubuntu的社区结构和社区进程。一个新的团队或者项目的创立，团队领导人的约会都是由社区委员会批准的。另外，社区委员会是一个负责行为准则的主体，其任务是确保维护者和其他社区成员遵守这些准则。

The Community Council is the custodian of the Code of Conduct and is responsible for dispute resolution, should it be required. For example, in the past, we have helped to resolve conflicts in LoCo teams and in the Ubuntu Forums, both very important parts of the community.
社区委员会是行为准则的管理者，如果需要，他们负责解决争议。例如，以前我们帮助解决过发生于本地化团队和Ubuntu论坛的一些冲突，它们都是社区的重要部分。

The Community Council meets every two weeks on IRC, you can propose an item for discussion at a Council meeting by placing it on the Community Council Agenda page on the Ubuntu Wiki.
社区委员会每两周在IRC开一次会，您可以在Ubuntu Wiki上的社区委员会议程表页面提交论题。

SABDFL
自封的仁慈大君

This is not a democracy, it's a meritocracy. We try to operate more on consensus than on votes, seeking agreement from the people who will have to do the work. Mark Shuttleworth, as SABDFL, plays a happily undemocratic role as sponsor of the project. He has the ability, with regard to Canonical employees, to ask people to work on specific projects, specific feature goals, and specific bugs.
这不是民主制度，而是英才管理制度。我们更多致力于达成共识，而不是投票，来决定谁做某个工作。马克·舍特尔沃斯（Mark Shuttleworth），作为一个自封的仁慈大君（SABDFL）、项目的赞助者，扮演着一个不民主的角色，他有能力根据Canonical公司的员工情况来请人们工作于特定的项目、特定的特征目标以及特定的BUG。

He also has a casting vote on the Technical Board and Community Council, should it come to a vote. This capacity is not used lightly. The community functions best when it can reach broad consensus about a way forward. However, it is not uncommon in the open source world for there to be multiple good arguments, no clear consensus, and for arguments to divide communities rather than enrich them. The argument absorbs the energy that might otherwise have gone towards the creation of a solution. In many cases, there is no one "right" answer, and what is needed is a decision more than a debate. SABDFL acts to provide clear leadership on difficult issues, and set the pace for the project.
如果技术委员会和社区委员会在举行投票，他也会投上一票。这样的才能是不会轻易使用的。只有当社区能够就发展方向达成一个广泛的共识，它才能运作良好。然而，这在开源社区是很正常的，有时有多个好主意，有时没有明确的共识，有时会有争论要拆散社区而不是充实它。有时争议很激烈，有时也会积极地思考解决方案。在很多情况下，没有一个“正确”的答案，更需要的是一个决定而不是争论。那位自封的仁慈大君（SABDFL）在困难的问题上提供明确的领导，为项目制定步骤。

It is understood that the divisive use of SABDFL's authority could weaken the project. For that reason the authority is used carefully, in the hope that it will create momentum in the best direction for the project, breaking stalemates where otherwise competing views would fail to reach consensus.
大家都知道对SABDFL权力的分散使用会弱化这个项目，因此，他将谨慎行使权力，希望它将为项目的方向创造动力，打破僵局，不让对立的观点达不成共识。

[canyu]

新手，开始学习了！